diff --git a/packages/angular/build/src/builders/dev-server/tests/behavior/serve-renamed-chunks_spec.ts b/packages/angular/build/src/builders/dev-server/tests/behavior/serve-renamed-chunks_spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d43d47def463
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/angular/build/src/builders/dev-server/tests/behavior/serve-renamed-chunks_spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/**
+ * @license
+ * Copyright Google LLC All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style license that can be
+ * found in the LICENSE file at https://angular.dev/license
+ */
+
+import { executeDevServer } from '../../index';
+import { describeServeBuilder } from '../jasmine-helpers';
+import { BASE_OPTIONS, DEV_SERVER_BUILDER_INFO } from '../setup';
+
+describeServeBuilder(executeDevServer, DEV_SERVER_BUILDER_INFO, (harness, setupTarget) => {
+  describe('Behavior: "Renamed chunks"', () => {
+    beforeEach(async () => {
+      setupTarget(harness);
+
+      await harness.writeFile('src/lazy.ts', `export const value = 'first';`);
+      await harness.writeFile('src/main.ts', `import('./lazy').then((m) => console.log(m.value));`);
+    });
+
+    it('does not serve a lazy chunk that a rebuild renamed', async () => {
+      harness.useTarget('serve', {
+        ...BASE_OPTIONS,
+        watch: true,
+      });
+
+      let oldChunk = '';
+
+      await harness.executeWithCases([
+        async ({ result }) => {
+          expect(result?.success).toBeTrue();
+
+          const main = await (await fetch(new URL('main.js', `${result?.baseUrl}`))).text();
+          oldChunk = main.match(/chunk-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.js/)?.[0] ?? '';
+          expect(oldChunk).not.toBe('');
+
+          // Request the chunk so that Vite transforms and caches it
+          const response = await fetch(new URL(oldChunk, `${result?.baseUrl}`));
+          expect(response.status).toBe(200);
+          expect(await response.text()).toContain('first');
+
+          await harness.modifyFile('src/lazy.ts', (content) => content.replace('first', 'second'));
+        },
+        async ({ result }) => {
+          expect(result?.success).toBeTrue();
+
+          const main = await (await fetch(new URL('main.js', `${result?.baseUrl}`))).text();
+          expect(main).not.toContain(oldChunk);
+
+          const response = await fetch(new URL(oldChunk, `${result?.baseUrl}`));
+          expect(response.status).toBe(404);
+        },
+      ]);
+    });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/packages/angular/build/src/builders/dev-server/vite/index.ts b/packages/angular/build/src/builders/dev-server/vite/index.ts
index 4800559a2171..7f36740cc3f5 100644
--- a/packages/angular/build/src/builders/dev-server/vite/index.ts
+++ b/packages/angular/build/src/builders/dev-server/vite/index.ts
@@ -288,6 +288,13 @@ export async function* serveWithVite(
           const filePath = '/' + normalizePath(removed.path);
           generatedFiles.delete(filePath);
           assetFiles.delete(filePath);
+
+          // Release Vite's cached transform result for output files that no longer exist,
+          // such as content-hashed chunks that were renamed by the rebuild.
+          const moduleGraph = server.moduleGraph;
+          moduleGraph
+            .getModulesByFile(normalizePath(join(server.config.root, filePath)))
+            ?.forEach((m) => moduleGraph.invalidateModule(m));
         }
 
         for (const file of result.files) {