Implement custom power and equation functions

Added custom_power lambda and custom_equation function for mathematical operations, along with a call counter function.

Author: efesarigul

Week04/functions_efe_samil_sarigul.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+custom_power = lambda x=0, /, e=1: x ** e
+
+
+def custom_equation(x: int = 0, y: int = 0, /, a: int = 1, b: int = 1, *, c: int = 1) -> float:
+    """
+    This function calculates (x**a + y**b) / c.
+
+    :param x: First base, positional-only
+    :param y: Second base, positional-only
+    :param a: Exponent of x
+    :param b: Exponent of y
+    :param c: Divisor, keyword-only
+    :return: The result of (x**a + y**b) / c
+    """
+    for value in (x, y, a, b, c):
+        if type(value) is not int:
+            raise TypeError("All parameters must be integers.")
+    return (x ** a + y ** b) / c
+
+
+def fn_w_counter() -> (int, dict[str, int]):
+    if not hasattr(fn_w_counter, "call_counter"):
+        fn_w_counter.call_counter = 0
+        fn_w_counter.callers = {}
+    fn_w_counter.call_counter += 1
+    if __name__ in fn_w_counter.callers:
+        fn_w_counter.callers[__name__] += 1
+    else:
+        fn_w_counter.callers[__name__] = 1
+    return fn_w_counter.call_counter, fn_w_counter.callers