diff --git a/documents/evaluation/active_text_corpus_review.md b/documents/evaluation/active_text_corpus_review.md index d2a25859..dc959946 100644 --- a/documents/evaluation/active_text_corpus_review.md +++ b/documents/evaluation/active_text_corpus_review.md @@ -218,11 +218,11 @@ No new root is needed. `CV-AFFECT-10` records distaste and reluctance through pr ## Translation review: The Prophet, On Giving -The ground truth is the complete On Giving teaching in Kahlil Gibran's 1923 *The Prophet*, stored in `texts/gibran/sources/the_prophet.txt`. The translation follows all 33 source units from the rich man's request to the earth as mother and God as father. Its citation stream preserves the source order without ellipsis, and the continuous reading has the same Phi sentence stream as its detailed blocks. The work adds `parelu`, deserve, and `thaweno`, reward, as optional roots with four module memberships. +The ground truth is the complete On Giving teaching in Kahlil Gibran's 1923 *The Prophet*, stored in `texts/gibran/sources/the_prophet.txt`. The translation follows 32 aligned Phi units from the rich man's request to the earth as mother and God as father. Its 33 citations reconstruct all 2,746 normalized source characters in order, and the continuous reading has the same Phi sentence stream as its detailed blocks. The work adds `parelu`, deserve, and `thaweno`, reward, as optional roots with four module memberships. | Question | Translation decision | |---|---| -| Complete source boundary | All 33 source propositions and images receive a Phi unit, including the dog, well, coffer, myrtle, orchard, ocean, opened chest, witness, yoke, and wings. | +| Complete source boundary | All source propositions and images receive one of 32 aligned Phi units, including the dog, well, coffer, myrtle, orchard, ocean, opened chest, witness, yoke, and wings. | | Possessions and fear | Commons `phenori` names ownership; the careful dog hides bones in pathless sand while following people to a sacred place. Fear remains identified with need and thirst as Gibran claims. | | Motive, pain, and virtue | Recognition, hidden desire, joy, pain, virtue, fragrance, and divine action each receive their own relation. `thaweno` preserves Gibran's reward rather than changing it into a gift. | | Request and unasked giving | A polite whole-clause question supplies the request; `whuo ha haolu` then states giving without that speech. | @@ -233,6 +233,10 @@ The ground truth is the complete On Giving teaching in Kahlil Gibran's 1923 *The The two new roots are source-led but not source-specific. A council can dispute whether someone `parelu` redress, and a workshop can describe a `thaweno` promised after an act. Myrtle, baptism, God, pilgrimage, inheritance, and Gibran's metaphysical personification remain exact source identities beside material Phi descriptions. No registered compound or grammar is added. +### Isolated process certification + +D119 certifies all 32 units under the isolated process. The source reconstruction is exact, and the final Phi stream freezes at SHA-256 `a7fdd1387cbc36e53080fc97cd1bdcba9069b363b49f877ba1ba24093bbd57fb`. Anonymous derivation and independent audit expose invalid reflexive possession, open relative roles, unclear participant continuity, and attachment problems. Every affected English layer is discarded before its Phi unit is repaired and derived again; unchanged units retain their settled readings under unchanged unit hashes. No vocabulary or grammar is added during certification. + ## Translation review: The Prophet, On Love The ground truth is the complete On Love teaching in Kahlil Gibran's 1923 *The Prophet*, stored in `texts/gibran/sources/the_prophet.txt`. The translation follows 33 aligned units in order, its citation stream reconstructs all 2,403 normalized source characters exactly, and the continuous reading has the same Phi sentence stream as its detailed blocks. @@ -811,7 +815,7 @@ Phi is the source for all 33 essay units and their 62 complete assertions. The r | `texts/little_prince_excerpts.md` | Translation | Certified D110 | Five citations reconstruct all 238 normalized Woods characters. The final five-unit Phi stream freezes at `0cd1f7cd...e3d2`, and fresh source-blind derivation plus an independent sample audit agree on every participant and proposition. | | `texts/gibran/on_love.md` | Translation | Certified D112 | All 33 units receive isolated English derivation and independent comparison. The 2,403-character source reconstruction remains exact, and the final Phi stream freezes at `7494350b...5d6125`. Four optional grain-work roots add nine module memberships. | | `texts/gibran/on_children.md` | Translation | Certified D113 | All 18 units receive isolated English derivation and independent review. The 980-character source reconstruction remains exact, and the final Phi stream freezes at `028a864f...d059455` without adding vocabulary or grammar. | -| `texts/gibran/on_giving.md` | Translation | Isolation pending | All 33 source units align. D075 adds direct deservingness and reward while preserving exact source identities beside material descriptions. | +| `texts/gibran/on_giving.md` | Translation | Certified D119 | All 32 Phi units and 33 citations reconstruct 2,746 normalized Gibran characters. The final stream freezes at `a7fdd138...bd57fb` after source-blind derivation and targeted repair. | | `texts/gibran/on_work.md` | Translation | Isolation pending | All 32 source units align exactly, and the limits table records the distinctions that remain with Gibran's wording. | | `texts/tao_te_ching.md` | Translation | Isolation pending | All 51 Legge units align in order, and the continuous reading follows every proposition in the detailed translation. | | `texts/heart_sutra.md` | Translation | Isolation pending | All 34 Müller units align in order, and the translation preserves every printed proposition in the selected witness. | @@ -824,4 +828,4 @@ Phi is the source for all 33 essay units and their 62 complete assertions. The r | `texts/news_from_nowhere/chapter_05.md` | Book in progress | Isolation pending | D093 translates 277 first-pass units, D094 consolidates the final source partition to 273 while rereading every source, Phi, gloss, and derived-English unit, and D098 rebuilds 117 English readings from Phi alone. D099 gives the arcade its direct arch noun. All 13,932 normalized source characters reconstruct exactly. | | `texts/news_from_nowhere/chapter_06.md` | Book in progress | Isolation pending | D095 translates all 120 source units, D096 rereads each source, Phi, gloss, and derived-English unit, and D098 rebuilds 109 English readings from Phi alone. D099 gives the Piccadilly arcade its direct arch noun. All 14,771 normalized source characters reconstruct exactly. | -Every current translation has received its earlier semantic and source review. *The North Wind and the Sun*, the Metta Sutta, *A Solarpunk Manifesto*, Schleicher's fable, UDHR Article 1, the Babel text, the Little Prince excerpts, and *The Velveteen Rabbit* carry D102 process certification. The remaining translations keep their accepted Phi and source findings while their parenthetical English enters the isolated derivation queue. The Ring Verse remains a refusal, and all four original Phi works have received their Phi-first proposition reviews. The Phi book and SEM-09D retrofit are complete. +Every current translation has received its earlier semantic and source review. *The North Wind and the Sun*, the Metta Sutta, *A Solarpunk Manifesto*, Schleicher's fable, UDHR Article 1, the Babel text, the Little Prince excerpts, *The Velveteen Rabbit*, and the Gibran selections *On Love*, *On Children*, and *On Giving* carry D102 process certification. The remaining translations keep their accepted Phi and source findings while their parenthetical English enters the isolated derivation queue. The Ring Verse remains a refusal, and all four original Phi works have received their Phi-first proposition reviews. The Phi book and SEM-09D retrofit are complete. diff --git a/documents/evaluation/translation_process_status.md b/documents/evaluation/translation_process_status.md index 357ef5f7..0d0ec567 100644 --- a/documents/evaluation/translation_process_status.md +++ b/documents/evaluation/translation_process_status.md @@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ A pending translation may still be accurate and carefully reviewed. Pending mean | State | Documents | |---|---:| -| Certified | 10 | +| Certified | 11 | | In progress | 0 | -| Pending | 10 | +| Pending | 9 | | Total | 20 | ## Short works @@ -34,13 +34,13 @@ Certified: 8 of 10. ## phewo phelui — Kahlil Gibran -Certified: 2 of 4. +Certified: 3 of 4. | Document | File | State | Record | |---|---|---|---| | lothea — On Love | [on_love.md](../../texts/gibran/on_love.md) | Certified | D112; [PR #701](https://github.com/dcellison/phi/pull/701); 33 units | | phomila — On Children | [on_children.md](../../texts/gibran/on_children.md) | Certified | D113; [PR #702](https://github.com/dcellison/phi/pull/702); 18 units | -| loa — On Giving | [on_giving.md](../../texts/gibran/on_giving.md) | Pending | Awaiting D102 certification. | +| loa — On Giving | [on_giving.md](../../texts/gibran/on_giving.md) | Certified | D119; [PR #714](https://github.com/dcellison/phi/pull/714); 32 units | | riola — On Work | [on_work.md](../../texts/gibran/on_work.md) | Pending | Awaiting D102 certification. | ## nophi lue mawha lokue — News from Nowhere @@ -218,6 +218,22 @@ Published aligned-layer SHA-256: 62c592215e25a2cad5aa311adb05dcb5a1d0d624dc25438d7708be9950d9d88a ``` +### loa — On Giving + +D119 certified this document in [PR #714](https://github.com/dcellison/phi/pull/714) on 2026-08-06. The freeze contains 32 aligned Phi units, and its `gibran` citations reconstruct 2,746 normalized source characters exactly. A complete anonymous derivation and independent risk audit exposed participant, possession, relative-role, and attachment faults. Every affected English layer was discarded before its Phi unit changed; fresh unit-scoped contexts then derived and checked each repair while unchanged unit hashes retained their settled readings. + +Frozen Phi SHA-256: + +```text +a7fdd1387cbc36e53080fc97cd1bdcba9069b363b49f877ba1ba24093bbd57fb +``` + +Published aligned-layer SHA-256: + +```text +261d6c12e19d5ee42fd6a5a2d26f9958f35de2099d0410f57c03f0a48089dd6d +``` + ## Maintaining the ledger Run `python3 scripts/translation_process_status.py --write` after changing a status or adding a translation. Run `python3 scripts/translation_process_status.py --check` before publication. Changing certified Phi invalidates its English. CI will fail until the English has been derived again from a new anonymous packet and the new freeze has its own evidence. diff --git a/project/development_log.md b/project/development_log.md index 17d58b2d..57a4e1f6 100644 --- a/project/development_log.md +++ b/project/development_log.md @@ -134,6 +134,7 @@ Implementation status, dependencies, optional evaluation work, and the next deve | D116 | Accepted | Verify ordered source reconstruction against an independently stored witness. | A manifest selects each of the six current *News from Nowhere* chapters from the complete Morris source, names the `morris` citation stream, and applies a stated Project Gutenberg line-wrap normalization. The checker proves that 1,054 ordered citations reconstruct 75,243 normalized characters exactly and reports missing, duplicated, reordered, or altered spans directly. A required chapter pattern stops later chapters from bypassing the check, and synthetic regression tests exercise every failure class in CI. No translation layer changes. | | D117 | Accepted | Preserve *News from Nowhere* source-to-Phi continuity in one maintained record. | The record fixes seven onym forms for six named people, the source-bound treatment of recurring places, durable social and material renderings, narrator and evidential practice, one-frame continuing speech, and the chapters 1-6 checkpoint. It records rejected renderings and leaves later names, place onyms, and demonstrated lexical pressure open without reserving answers. The file is available during source-to-Phi work and cross-chapter review but is forbidden to fresh Phi-to-English contexts. No translation layer, vocabulary entry, registered compound, or grammar changes. | | D118 | Accepted | Treat Phi's grammar and particles as closed except through an explicit defect-led amendment. | Ordinary corpus, translation, and vocabulary work must use the existing grammar and function-word inventory. A proposed amendment requires a demonstrated repeatable language-level defect, failed resolution within current Phi, and an explicit maintainer decision to reopen the relevant canon before implementation. The same state correction marks the three-essay original-corpus milestone complete, keeps spontaneous conversation as separate evidence work, removes incidental live lexicon totals from the roadmap, and leaves only genuinely open or parked work in the deferred ledger. No grammar, particle, vocabulary entry, or corpus text changes. | +| D119 | Accepted | Certify Gibran's *On Giving* under the isolated translation process. | Thirty-two aligned Phi units carry 33 ordered citations and reconstruct all 2,746 normalized Gibran characters. Source-blind derivation exposes invalid reflexive possession, open relative roles, unclear participant continuity, and attachment problems in the dog, cup, worth, giver, and wing passages. The affected English layers are discarded; the Phi replaces them with explicit noun phrases, closed complement structure, and repeated participants before fresh unit-scoped derivation and audit. The final stream freezes at SHA-256 `a7fdd1387cbc36e53080fc97cd1bdcba9069b363b49f877ba1ba24093bbd57fb`. No root, module membership, registered compound, function word, or grammar is added. | ## Completed discretionary lexical migrations diff --git a/project/near_term_development_plan.md b/project/near_term_development_plan.md index d0efeb96..16cebd75 100644 --- a/project/near_term_development_plan.md +++ b/project/near_term_development_plan.md @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Community engagement is outside this plan. Phi can strengthen its language, corp | NTP-02 | **DONE** | Add independent source-reconstruction checking | At least the locally stored Morris source can be compared mechanically with each chapter's ordered citation stream. | | NTP-03 | **DONE** | Establish the *News from Nowhere* continuity record | Recurring source-to-Phi choices have one maintained home that is excluded from Phi-to-English derivation. | | NTP-04 | **DONE** | Reconcile stale project records | The roadmap, development protocol, and deferred records describe the actual completed corpus and closed grammar boundary. | -| NTP-05 | **NEXT** | Finish the short-work certification queue | The present Gibran, Taoist, and Buddhist short works have completed the isolated process and the generated register passes. | +| NTP-05 | **IN PROGRESS** | Finish the short-work certification queue | The present Gibran, Taoist, and Buddhist short works have completed the isolated process and the generated register passes. | | NTP-06 | **PENDING** | Certify *News from Nowhere* chapter 1 as a pilot | The chapter has a current certification record and its findings have been classified as local or series-wide. | | NTP-07 | **PENDING** | Choose the Morris backlog route from pilot evidence | The decision and its evidence are recorded before either blocking chapter 7 or interleaving old and new chapters. | | NTP-08 | **PENDING** | Continue the Morris translation | Every newly written chapter completes certification in its creation effort, with continuity checks at regular narrative checkpoints. | @@ -75,8 +75,8 @@ Completed under D118. The roadmap now records the sustained dialogue and three r After the hardening interval, certify the remaining shorter translations in this order: -1. Gibran, *On Giving*. -2. Gibran, *On Work*. +1. Gibran, *On Giving*. Complete under D119. +2. Gibran, *On Work*. Next. 3. *Tao Te Ching* selections. 4. *Heart Sutra*. diff --git a/project/roadmap.md b/project/roadmap.md index 3f46f0a1..406c7238 100644 --- a/project/roadmap.md +++ b/project/roadmap.md @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ An item is not **DONE** merely because a protocol, prompt, or script exists. A l | Solo evaluation | **READY** | Structural checks are complete; choice, paraphrase, transformation, and repair trials remain available after the breaking migration. | | Speech and listening evidence | **READY** | Audit tooling and protocols exist; recordings and perception results do not. | | Evidence-led semantic growth | **PARTIAL** | All eight active profiles have completed first vocabulary passes, every recovered content-vocabulary question has an explicit decision, the complete lexicon follows the target prose contract, and the legacy corpus retrofit is complete. Later source-led additions and placement decisions remain recorded in the development log and vocabulary decision register rather than repeated as a fragile inventory snapshot here. | -| Isolated translation certification | **PARTIAL** | D102 governs the two one-way phases; D103 and D105 through D113 certify the first ten works; the generated [certification ledger](../documents/evaluation/translation_process_status.md) owns the exact complete queue and current counts; and D114 gives certified work a public mark and explanation without claiming that it is error-free. | +| Isolated translation certification | **PARTIAL** | D102 governs the two one-way phases; D103, D105 through D113, and D119 certify the first eleven works; the generated [certification ledger](../documents/evaluation/translation_process_status.md) owns the exact complete queue and current counts; and D114 gives certified work a public mark and explanation without claiming that it is error-free. | | Practice and domain profiles | **DONE** | Eight active profiles are established vocabulary modules with speaker chapters, and further possibilities remain recorded separately. | | Original Phi corpus | **DONE** | Fifteen regression dialogues, one sustained original literary dialogue, and three reviewed philosophical essays meet the present authored-corpus milestone. Spontaneous conversation remains a separate evidence task. | | Learner and community evidence | **EVIDENCE** | Materials exist, but there is no recorded outside learner or recurring speaker evidence. | @@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ An item is not **DONE** merely because a protocol, prompt, or script exists. A l | SEM-01 | **DONE** | Establish the coinage quality protocol: compare composition and coinage, choose freely, then require complete semantics, schema, sound, examples, and references. | Development protocol and eight completed vocabulary passes | Apply the same quality standard without treating it as an external burden of proof. | | SEM-01A | **DONE** | Develop practice and domain profiles as optional lexical organization under one grammar. | Eight established profiles with generated indexing, speaker chapters, and base words established through profile passes | Revise an established profile through use, or add another only when its organization would help. | | SEM-01B | **DONE** | Record the intended profile catalogue. | `documents/modules/README.md`; eight active profiles and preserved future explorations | Add another profile when its organizational purpose is clear; no audience or external evidence gate is required. | -| SEM-01C | **IN PROGRESS** | Revisit active Phi texts after the current module set and classification reviews are complete. | The [active text corpus review](../documents/evaluation/active_text_corpus_review.md) records eighteen post-migration literary retrofits and the isolated certifications through D113; the [active teaching corpus review](../documents/evaluation/active_teaching_corpus_review.md) records all seven manual parts, the primer, and all nine pamphlets; D114 publishes the current certification state on the texts shelf | Continue the isolated translation queue with *The Prophet, On Giving*. | +| SEM-01C | **IN PROGRESS** | Revisit active Phi texts after the current module set and classification reviews are complete. | The [active text corpus review](../documents/evaluation/active_text_corpus_review.md) records eighteen post-migration literary retrofits and the isolated certifications through D119; the [active teaching corpus review](../documents/evaluation/active_teaching_corpus_review.md) records all seven manual parts, the primer, and all nine pamphlets; D114 publishes the current certification state on the texts shelf | Continue the isolated translation queue with *The Prophet, On Work*. | | SEM-01D | **DONE** | Assess genuine multi-module vocabulary membership after all current modules are established. | Complete overlap assessment; 77 shared roots, 137 roots with one module, thirteen promoted to base vocabulary, regenerated indexes, and corrected profile and speaker counts | Reopen the assessment when later vocabulary or sustained use exposes another genuine learning-path overlap. | | SEM-01E | **DONE** | Review base vocabulary for older roots whose lexical center belongs in an existing module. | Complete base-placement assessment; thirty roots receive 35 memberships, 789 content roots remain base, and all generated and speaker-facing counts agree | Reopen placement when new modules give an older base word a genuine specialist home or when use shows that a classified word belongs in general study. | | SEM-02 | **PARTIAL** | Map weak modern domains: technology, science, government, law, work, disability, reproductive health, sexuality, and institutions. | Assessment, survey, eight established vocabulary modules, two access scenarios, and work and care scenarios | Test the Work, Medical, Accessibility, and Household modules beyond their source scenarios, inhabited-place heat and cooling, and a standing institution outside councils while keeping sensitive domains scenario-gated. | diff --git a/project/source_reconstruction_manifest.json b/project/source_reconstruction_manifest.json index d56cc258..366782aa 100644 --- a/project/source_reconstruction_manifest.json +++ b/project/source_reconstruction_manifest.json @@ -63,6 +63,16 @@ "end_before": "CHAPTER VII: TRAFALGAR SQUARE" }, "normalization": "gutenberg-wrapped-prose-v1" + }, + { + "translation": "texts/gibran/on_giving.md", + "source": "texts/gibran/sources/the_prophet.txt", + "citation_label": "gibran", + "selection": { + "start_after": "For even as he loves the arrow that\nflies, so He loves also the bow that is\nstable.\n\n***** *****", + "end_before": "[Illustration: 0042]" + }, + "normalization": "gutenberg-wrapped-prose-v1" } ] } diff --git a/project/translation_process_status.json b/project/translation_process_status.json index 036aebc7..dc229014 100644 --- a/project/translation_process_status.json +++ b/project/translation_process_status.json @@ -196,7 +196,22 @@ }, { "path": "texts/gibran/on_giving.md", - "status": "pending" + "status": "certified", + "certification": { + "decision": "D119", + "pull_request": 714, + "certified_on": "2026-08-06", + "unit_count": 32, + "phi_sha256": "a7fdd1387cbc36e53080fc97cd1bdcba9069b363b49f877ba1ba24093bbd57fb", + "aligned_sha256": "261d6c12e19d5ee42fd6a5a2d26f9958f35de2099d0410f57c03f0a48089dd6d", + "source_reconstruction": { + "exact": true, + "label": "gibran", + "normalized_characters": 2746 + }, + "english_derivation": "fresh-source-blind-context", + "note": "A complete anonymous derivation and independent risk audit exposed participant, possession, relative-role, and attachment faults. Every affected English layer was discarded before its Phi unit changed; fresh unit-scoped contexts then derived and checked each repair while unchanged unit hashes retained their settled readings." + } }, { "path": "texts/gibran/on_work.md", diff --git a/scripts/README.md b/scripts/README.md index ba723c02..ff30415f 100644 --- a/scripts/README.md +++ b/scripts/README.md @@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ python3 scripts/test_translation_layers.py Checks the translation and source relationships declared in `project/source_reconstruction_manifest.json`. Each entry names the stored witness, citation label, source boundaries, and normalization rule. The current manifest selects the first six chapters of *News from Nowhere* from the complete Morris source and compares each chapter with its ordered `morris` citations. Its required path pattern also makes an unregistered new chapter an error. -The `gutenberg-wrapped-prose-v1` rule rejoins a hyphenated word split by a Project Gutenberg line wrap, then collapses the remaining whitespace. It does not change spelling, punctuation, or case. A mismatch is reported as a missing span, duplicated span, reordered span, or alteration at the first citation where the streams diverge. +The `gutenberg-wrapped-prose-v1` rule removes standalone Project Gutenberg illustration labels, rejoins a hyphenated word split by a line wrap, then collapses the remaining whitespace. It does not change prose spelling, punctuation, or case. A mismatch is reported as a missing span, duplicated span, reordered span, or alteration at the first citation where the streams diverge. ```bash python3 scripts/source_reconstruction.py diff --git a/scripts/source_reconstruction.py b/scripts/source_reconstruction.py index 416527d5..7e21c0a4 100644 --- a/scripts/source_reconstruction.py +++ b/scripts/source_reconstruction.py @@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ def load_manifest(path: Path = MANIFEST_FILE): def normalize_gutenberg_prose(text: str) -> str: """Undo Project Gutenberg line wrapping and collapse layout whitespace.""" text = text.replace("\r\n", "\n").replace("\r", "\n") + text = re.sub(r"^\[Illustration: [^\]]+\][ \t]*$", "", text, flags=re.MULTILINE) text = re.sub(r"-\n(?=[A-Za-z])", "-", text) return " ".join(text.split()) diff --git a/scripts/test_source_reconstruction.py b/scripts/test_source_reconstruction.py index 8959a5c7..cd27eeae 100644 --- a/scripts/test_source_reconstruction.py +++ b/scripts/test_source_reconstruction.py @@ -57,18 +57,24 @@ def check_fixture(self, citations): self.addCleanup(temporary.cleanup) return reconstruction.check_manifest(data, root) - def test_repository_manifest_reconstructs_six_morris_chapters(self): + def test_repository_manifest_reconstructs_registered_sources(self): results, errors = reconstruction.check_manifest(self.repository_manifest) self.assertEqual(errors, []) - self.assertEqual(len(results), 6) - self.assertEqual(sum(result.citation_count for result in results), 1054) + self.assertEqual(len(results), 7) + self.assertEqual(sum(result.citation_count for result in results), 1087) self.assertEqual( sum(result.normalized_characters for result in results), - 75243, + 77989, ) self.assertEqual( [result.translation for result in results], - [f"texts/news_from_nowhere/chapter_{number:02}.md" for number in range(1, 7)], + [ + *[ + f"texts/news_from_nowhere/chapter_{number:02}.md" + for number in range(1, 7) + ], + "texts/gibran/on_giving.md", + ], ) def test_exact_reconstruction_passes(self): @@ -77,7 +83,7 @@ def test_exact_reconstruction_passes(self): self.assertEqual(results[0].normalized_characters, 33) def test_gutenberg_normalization_repairs_layout_only(self): - source = "After-\nlecture Morris--Word\n\nStays." + source = "After-\nlecture Morris--Word\n\n[Illustration: 0039]\n\nStays." self.assertEqual( reconstruction.normalize_gutenberg_prose(source), "After-lecture Morris--Word Stays.", diff --git a/site/texts_editorial.json b/site/texts_editorial.json index 2a0a7c37..3c9554fc 100644 --- a/site/texts_editorial.json +++ b/site/texts_editorial.json @@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ ], "opening_paragraphs": 2, "interlinear_blocks": 5, - "interlinear_stanzas": 33, + "interlinear_stanzas": 32, "source_free_blocks": 0, "source_free_stanzas": 0, "complete_readings": 1, diff --git a/texts/gibran/on_giving.md b/texts/gibran/on_giving.md index 3c6d5f15..3ddd3572 100644 --- a/texts/gibran/on_giving.md +++ b/texts/gibran/on_giving.md @@ -1,237 +1,231 @@ # loa — On Giving -*A person with many possessions asks about giving. Gibran answers with a prudent dog, a full well, an orchard, and gifts that become wings. The Phi translation keeps the whole teaching. Its praise of giving everything stays, as does Gibran's language of pain, merit, and divine parentage.* +*A person with many possessions asks about giving. Gibran answers with a prudent dog, a full well, an orchard, and gifts that become wings. The Phi translation keeps the whole teaching, including its pain, deservingness, and divine parentage.* -*Each passage uses a four-line block: the Phi sentence, its exact lexicon gloss, a literal English back-translation, and Gibran's source wording. A continuous Phi reading and a table of translation limits follow.* +*Each passage keeps four things together: the Phi sentence, its exact lexicon gloss, an English reading derived from Phi alone, and Gibran's source wording. A continuous Phi reading and a table of translation limits follow.* --- ## Translation -This is the whole teaching, from the rich man's request to the freehearted earth and God. Wealth, baptism, myrtle, and God remain descriptions in Phi beside their exact source wording. Two recurring moral relations receive direct module words: `parelu` names a judgement of deservingness without confusing it with inherent worth, and `thaweno` names a reward without turning it into a gift or agreed exchange. +This translation follows the whole teaching, from the rich man's request to the freehearted earth and God. Phi describes wealth, baptism, myrtle, and God beside Gibran's exact wording. Two module words keep recurring distinctions direct: `parelu` names a judgement of deservingness without confusing it with inherent worth, while `thaweno` names a reward without turning it into a gift or agreed exchange. ### Possession, tomorrow, and fear ``` -ta himo [whu lo lorua thena phelu] miona sha no wei lo mia nia loa haolu sho to haolu. -one HUM.CLF [REL PL abundant thing hold] person QUOT.COMP IMP DAT PL 1SG ON give speak QUOT.COMP.CLOSE PST speak. -(A person who held abundant things said, "Speak to us about giving.") +ta himo miona to nai. ha miona lo lorua thena to phelu. ha miona sha no nua lo mia loa shareo sho to haolu. +[one HUM.CLF person] PST be. [PROX person] [PL [abundant thing]] PST hold. [PROX person] QUOT.COMP [IMP [COM [PL 1SG]] [give] discuss] QUOT.COMP.CLOSE PST speak. +(There was one person. This person had an abundance of things. This person said, "Discuss giving with us.") gibran: "Then said a rich man, Speak to us of _Giving_." -phirae miona to lonae. -different person PST respond. -(A different person answered.) +ne musatapha to lonae. +[NAME musatapha] PST respond. +(musatapha replied.) gibran: "And he answered:" -lu thia lo [whu mua thia phenori nai] thena loa. thia li thiku loa. -COND 2SG PL [REL LOC 2SG ownership be] thing give. 2SG RESTR small give. -(When you give things that are in your ownership, you give only a little.) +lu thia lo [whu mua thia phenori nai] thena loa. thia phina thena loa. +COND [2SG] [PL [[REL [LOC [2SG ownership]] be] thing]] give. [2SG] [FEW thing] give. +(If you give the things you own, you give few things.) gibran: "You give but little when you give of your possessions." -lu thia miso loa. thia shewo loa. -COND 2SG REFL give. 2SG true give. -(When you give yourself, you truly give.) +lu thia miso loa. thia roe shewo loa. +COND [2SG] REFL give. [2SG] [INS true] give. +(If you give yourself, you give truthfully.) gibran: "It is when you give of yourself that you truly give." -lao thia tha mua wireo philo lo shia so po phelona tho remo. thia mua sukima lo [whu mua thia phenori nai] thena phelu nela shorupo. thia lo [whu mua thia phenori nai] thena li hina nai. -BECAUSE 2SG DECL.COMP LOC future day PL 3SG FUT POT require DECL.COMP.CLOSE think. 2SG LOC fear PL [REL LOC 2SG ownership be] thing hold COORD protect. 2SG PL [REL LOC 2SG ownership be] thing RESTR what be. -(Because you think that you may require them on a future day, you hold and protect in fear the things that are in your ownership. What are your possessions except these things?) +lao thia tha thia mua wireo philo lo [whu mua thia phenori nai] thena so po phelona tho remo thia lo [whu mua thia phenori nai] thena hina nai. ha lo thena li lo [whu thia mua sukima phelu] thena nai. thia mua sukima ha lo thena shorupo. +BECAUSE [2SG DECL.COMP [2SG [LOC [future day]] [PL [[REL [LOC [2SG ownership]] be] thing]] FUT POT require] DECL.COMP.CLOSE think] [[2SG [PL [[REL [LOC [2SG ownership]] be] thing]]] what be]. [PROX PL thing] [RESTR [PL [[REL [2SG [LOC fear] hold]] thing]]] be. [2SG] [LOC fear] [PROX PL thing] protect. +(Because you think you may need the things you own tomorrow, what are they? They are only things you hold in fear. You protect them while afraid.) gibran: "For what are your possessions but things you keep and guard for fear you may need them tomorrow?" -wireo philo wei [whu mua [whu mawha ruela phelu] kirua lo tholau kupe nela noe lo [whu kau thunepa laniru] miona thalo] wo thesa lohau hina so thola. -future day DAT [REL LOC [REL NONE path hold] sand PL bone hide COORD BEHIND PL [REL ALL sacred place journey] person walk] EXC careful dog what FUT bring. -(What will a future day bring to the excessively careful dog who hides bones in pathless sand and walks behind people journeying to a sacred place?) +wireo philo thola wei wo thesa lohau hina so nai. ha kirua mawha ruela phelu. whau ha lohau noe lo [whu kau thoepa whalo silawo laniru] miona thalo ha lohau mua ha kirua lo tholau kupe. +future day bring DAT EXC careful dog what FUT be. PROX sand NONE path hold. SIMUL PROX dog BEHIND PL REL ALL sacred large village journey person walk PROX dog LOC PROX sand PL bone hide. +(What will be brought tomorrow for the overly cautious dog? This sand holds no path. While this dog walks behind the people traveling to the large sacred village, it hides bones in this sand.) gibran: "And tomorrow, what shall tomorrow bring to the overprudent dog burying bones in the trackless sand as he follows the pilgrims to the holy city?" wa phelona sukima li phelona nai. -Q require fear RESTR require be. -(Is fear of need only need itself?) +Q [require fear] [RESTR require] be. +(Is fear of need only need?) gibran: "And what is fear of need but need itself?" -lu thia phitura pheno nai. wa kishu sukima [whu se po ma heno] kishu nai. -COND 2SG well full be. Q thirsty fear [REL PASS POT NEG satisfy] thirsty be. -(If your well is full, is fear of thirst a thirst that cannot be satisfied?) +lu thia phitura pheno nai. wa kishu sukima [whu se po ma heno] kishu ma nai. +COND [2SG well] full be. Q [thirsty fear] [REL PASS POT NEG satisfy] thirsty NEG be. +(If your well is full, isn't fear of thirst a thirst that cannot be satisfied?) gibran: "Is not dread of thirst when your well is full, the thirst that is unquenchable?" ``` -**Notes:** The rich man becomes a person who holds abundant things; `simoe` cannot rank a person by possessions because its richness belongs to soil, colour, flavour, and similar depth. Ownership is stated with Commons `phenori` rather than smuggled into `phelu`, ordinary holding. The dog hides bones in sand that holds no path and walks behind people journeying to a sacred place. That material description preserves burial, following, pilgrimage, and holy city without giving any of them a source-specific title. The two final questions keep Gibran's identification of fear with need and thirst. Their presence here reports his claim rather than making fear reliable evidence. +**Notes:** The rich man is a person who holds abundant things; `simoe` belongs to the richness of soil, color, flavor, and similar depth, not to a rank made from possessions. Commons `phenori` states ownership, while `phelu` keeps its ordinary sense of holding. The dog receives its full itinerary, because Gibran plainly took the trouble to give it one: it hides bones in sand that holds no path while following people towards a large sacred village. The final questions preserve Gibran's identification of fear with need and thirst. Phi reports the claim without treating fear as evidence. ### The givers and their motives ``` -soli [whu lo lorua thena phelu] miona lo thiku thena loa. lila shia se miratu. shia lo shia thena loa. shia [whu se kupe] rinu lo shia loami peloma ka kelu. -SOME [REL PL abundant thing hold] person PL small thing give. PURP 3SG PASS recognize. 3SG PL 3SG thing give. 3SG [REL PASS hide] want PL 3SG gift harmful CAUS become. -(Some people who hold abundant things give small things. So that they may be recognized, they give their things. Their hidden desire makes their gifts harmful.) +soli miona lo lorua thena phelu. lila ha lo miona se thekao ha lo miona phina thena loa. ha lo miona [whu se kupe] rinu phelu. ha rinu ha lo miona lo loami peloma ka kelu. +[SOME person] [PL [abundant thing]] hold. PURP [[PROX PL person] PASS acknowledge] [PROX PL person] [FEW thing] give. [PROX PL person] [[REL PASS hide] want] hold. [PROX want] [[PROX PL person] [PL gift]] harmful CAUS become. +(Some people have an abundance of things. They give few things so that they are acknowledged. They have a hidden desire. That desire makes their gifts harmful.) gibran: "There are those who give little of the much which they have--and they give it for recognition and their hidden desire makes their gifts unwholesome." -soli miona li lo thiku thena phelu. shia theula shia thena loa. -SOME person RESTR PL small thing hold. 3SG UNIV 3SG thing give. -(Some people hold only a few things. They give all their things.) +soli miona phina thena phelu. ha lo miona ha theula thena loa. +[[SOME person] [FEW thing] hold]. [[PROX PL person] [PROX UNIV thing] give]. +(Some people have few things. These people give all of these things.) gibran: "And there are those who have little and give it all." ha lo miona lioru nela lioru lorua nohero. lo shia phelure molu mawha thimu whemoa nai. -PROX PL person life COORD life abundant believe. PL 3SG store container NONE time empty be. -(These people believe in life and life's abundance. Their storage container is never empty.) +[PROX PL person] [life COORD [life abundant]] believe. [[PL 3SG] [store container]] [NONE time] empty be. +(These people believe in life and in life's abundance. Their storage container is never empty.) gibran: "These are the believers in life and the bounty of life, and their coffer is never empty." -soli miona roe siora loa. ha siora lo shia thaweno nai. -SOME person INS joy give. PROX joy PL 3SG reward be. -(Some people give with joy. This joy is their reward.) +soli miona roe siora loa. ha siora ha lo miona thaweno nai. +[SOME person] [INS joy] give. [PROX joy] [[PROX PL person] reward] be. +(Some people give with joy. That joy is their reward.) gibran: "There are those who give with joy, and that joy is their reward." -soli miona roe kipona loa. ha kipona lo shia thoepa phialu thorea nai. -SOME person INS pain give. PROX pain PL 3SG sacred water ceremony be. -(Some people give with pain. This pain is their sacred water ceremony.) +soli miona roe kipona loa. ha kipona ha lo miona thoepa phialu thorea nai. +[SOME person] [INS pain] give. [PROX pain] [[PROX PL person] [sacred water ceremony]] be. +(Some people give with pain. That pain is their sacred water ceremony.) gibran: "And there are those who give with pain, and that pain is their baptism." -soli miona loa. shia mua loa kipona ma sano. shia siora ma sheraki. shia roe taleri thesua ma loa. -SOME person give. 3SG LOC give pain NEG know. 3SG joy NEG search. 3SG INS virtuous mindful NEG give. -(Some people give. In giving, they do not know pain. They do not seek joy, and they do not give with mindfulness of virtue.) +soli miona loa. ha lo miona mua loa kipona ma sano. ha lo miona siora ma sheraki. ha lo miona mua loa taleri ma theonu. +SOME person give. PROX PL person LOC give pain NEG know. PROX PL person joy NEG search. PROX PL person LOC give virtuous NEG attend. +(Some people give. These people do not know pain in giving. They do not seek joy. They do not attend to virtue in giving.) gibran: "And there are those who give and know not pain in giving, nor do they seek joy, nor give with mindfulness of virtue;" -shia phea [whu mua ra lewonu muo tholu welao whinu leiro] wotami loa. -3SG AS [REL LOC DIST valley INTO space good smell release] shrub give. -(They give like a shrub in that valley releasing a pleasant smell into space.) +ha lo miona phea [whu mua ra lewonu whunei] wotami loa. ha wotami muo tholu ha wotami welao whinu leiro. +[[PROX PL person] [AS [[REL [LOC [DIST valley]] breathe] shrub]] give]. [[PROX shrub] [INTO space] [[PROX shrub] [good smell]] release]. +(These people give like the shrub that breathes in that valley. The shrub releases its pleasant scent into the open space.) gibran: "They give as in yonder valley the myrtle breathes its fragrance into space." -thoepa phiora thue ha lo miona lo manuwe haolu. shia noe lo shia mirae nia muila seniku. -sacred spirit THROUGH PROX PL person PL hand speak. 3SG BEHIND PL 3SG eye ON earth smile. -(The sacred spirit speaks through these people's hands. From behind their eyes, it smiles upon the earth.) +thoepa phiora thue ha lo miona lo manuwe haolu. thoepa phiora noe ha lo miona lo mirae wea muila seniku. +[sacred spirit] [THROUGH [[PROX PL person] [PL hand]]] speak. [sacred spirit] [BEHIND [[PROX PL person] [PL eye]]] [TOWARD earth] smile. +(The sacred spirit speaks through these people's hands. Behind their eyes, the sacred spirit smiles toward the earth.) gibran: "Through the hands of such as these God speaks, and from behind their eyes He smiles upon the earth." ``` -**Notes:** Recognition, hidden desire, pain, and virtue all remain separate from the transfer itself. `thaweno` gives reward its own relation, while the sacred water ceremony describes baptism without claiming to reproduce its inherited identity. Myrtle is a named species in the source and a shrub in Phi. Its action is the release of a pleasant smell rather than literal respiration; the source retains Gibran's personifying verb. God is a sacred spirit within the Phi line. The source citation keeps the identity that the description cannot. +**Notes:** Recognition, hidden desire, pain, and virtue remain separate from the gift. `thaweno` gives reward its own relation, while baptism becomes a sacred water ceremony beside Gibran's exact word. The myrtle is a shrub. It breathes in the valley, then releases its good scent into space, a small botanical liberty Gibran had already taken first. God is a sacred spirit in Phi; the source retains the identity and pronoun. ### Asking, searching, and holding ``` -lu thia sha pi wa thia po loa sho hea. thia loa welao nai. lu thia whuo ha haolu roe shelomu loa. thia loa mo welao nai. -COND 2SG QUOT.COMP POL Q 2SG POT give QUOT.COMP.CLOSE hear. 2SG give good be. COND 2SG WITHOUT PROX speak INS understand give. 2SG give CMPR good be. -(If you hear, "Could you please give?", your giving is good. If you give without this speech, through understanding, your giving is better.) +lu thia sha wa thia po loa sho hea. thia loa welao nai. lu thia whuo ha haolu roe shelomu loa. thia loa mo welao nai. +COND 2SG QUOT.COMP Q 2SG POT give QUOT.COMP.CLOSE hear. 2SG give good be. COND 2SG WITHOUT PROX speak INS understand give. 2SG give CMPR good be. +(If you hear, "Can you give?" your giving is good. If you give with understanding and without this speech, your giving is better.) gibran: "It is well to give when asked, but it is better to give unasked, through understanding;" -heloi miona [whu loami so howela] miona sheraki. ha sheraki sheo loa mo siora nai. -generous person [REL gift FUT receive] person search. PROX search THAN give CMPR joy be. -(A generous person searches for someone who will receive a gift. This search is more joyful than giving.) +heloi miona pha sua loami so howela pho sheraki. ha sheraki sheo loa mo siora nai. +[generous person] INT.COMP [who gift FUT receive] INT.COMP.CLOSE search. [PROX search] [THAN give] [CMPR joy] be. +(The generous person tries to find out who will receive the gift. This search is a greater joy than giving.) gibran: "And to the open-handed the search for one who shall receive is joy greater than giving." -thia hina phelu rinu. -2SG what hold want. -(What do you want to keep?) +wa thia soli thena so ma loa. +Q 2SG SOME thing FUT NEG give. +(Will you not give some things?) gibran: "And is there aught you would withhold?" -theula whu thia phelu so se loa. -UNIV REL 2SG hold FUT PASS give. -(All that you hold will be given.) +theula [whu mua thia phenori nai] thena mua ta wireo philo so se loa. +[UNIV [[REL [LOC [2SG ownership]] be] thing]] [LOC [one [future day]]] FUT PASS give. +(One day, everything you own will be given.) gibran: "All you have shall some day be given;" -lila thia loa meluna phelu nela lo thia lumira ma phelu. no nosa loa. -PURP 2SG give season hold COORD PL 2SG descendant NEG hold. IMP now give. -(So that you may hold the season of giving and your descendants may not hold it, give now.) +no thelao lila thia ha loa meluna phelu nela thia lo lumira ha loa meluna ma phelu nosa loa. +[IMP CONS [PURP [[2SG [PROX [give season]] hold] COORD [[2SG [PL descendant]] [PROX [give season]] NEG hold]]] now give]. +(Therefore, give now so that you hold this season of giving and your descendants do not hold it.) gibran: "Therefore give now, that the season of giving may be yours and not your inheritors’." ``` -**Notes:** Phi has no general request verb. The first condition therefore lets the listener hear a polite question, while `whuo ha haolu`, without this speech, makes the unasked gift audible. The generous person's search is an event noun and the comparative follows Gibran without deciding whether the receiver wishes to be found. Holding renders withholding and lets the question remain as broad as the source. Descendants stand for inheritors because legal succession remains with its source. +**Notes:** Phi has no general request verb. The listener hears the whole question, "Can you give?", while `whuo ha haolu` marks giving without those words. The generous person's search becomes an embedded question about who will receive. Holding carries Gibran's withholding, and descendants carry inheritors without silently importing a legal system. ### Deservingness and receiving ``` -thia sha mia so loa thona mia li wei [whu loami parelu] miona so loa sho ro haolu. -2SG QUOT.COMP 1SG FUT give ADVRS 1SG RESTR DAT [REL gift deserve] person FUT give QUOT.COMP.CLOSE HAB speak. -(You often say, "I will give, but I will give only to a person who deserves a gift.") +thia sha mia so loa thona mia li wei loami parelu miona so loa sho ro haolu. +[2SG] QUOT.COMP [[1SG] FUT give ADVRS [1SG] [RESTR [DAT [[gift deserve] person]]] FUT give] QUOT.COMP.CLOSE HAB speak. +(You regularly say, "I will give, but I will give only to someone who deserves a gift.") gibran: "You often say, “I would give, but only to the deserving.”" -lo shiro mua thia lureko shiro koshira senao ma haolu. lo mophira mua thia whelina kosha senao ma haolu. -PL tree LOC 2SG fruit tree grove same NEG speak. PL sheep LOC 2SG grass field same NEG speak. -(The trees in your orchard do not say the same. The sheep in your pasture do not say it either.) +lo shiro mua thia lureko shiro koshira tha lo shiro li wei loami parelu miona so loa tho ma haolu. sheno lo mophira mua thia whelina kosha tha lo mophira li wei loami parelu miona so loa tho ma haolu. +[PL tree] [LOC [2SG [fruit tree grove]]] DECL.COMP [[PL tree] [RESTR [DAT [[gift deserve] person]]] FUT give] DECL.COMP.CLOSE NEG speak. ADD [PL sheep] [LOC [2SG [grass field]]] DECL.COMP [[PL sheep] [RESTR [DAT [[gift deserve] person]]] FUT give] DECL.COMP.CLOSE NEG speak. +(In your orchard, the trees do not say they will give only to someone who deserves a gift. In your grass field, the sheep do not say they will give only to someone who deserves a gift, either.) gibran: "The trees in your orchard say not so, nor the flocks in your pasture." -shia liona porua phelu. shia loa. lu shia loa naweri. shia lumeo. -3SG live purpose hold. 3SG give. COND 3SG give refuse. 3SG die. -(They hold the purpose of living, and they give. If they refuse to give, they die.) +lila ha lo shiro nela ha lo mophira liona ha lo shiro nela ha lo mophira loa. lu ha lo shiro nela ha lo mophira loa naweri. ha lo shiro nela ha lo mophira lumeo. +[PURP [[PROX PL tree] COORD [PROX PL sheep]] live] [[PROX PL tree] COORD [PROX PL sheep]] give. [COND [[PROX PL tree] COORD [PROX PL sheep]] give refuse]. [[PROX PL tree] COORD [PROX PL sheep]] die. +(These trees and sheep give in order to live. If they refuse to give, they die.) gibran: "They give that they may live, for to withhold is to perish." -[whu lo philo nela lo shero howela parelu] miona lue thia theula phirae thena howela we parelu. -[REL PL day COORD PL night receive deserve] person ABL 2SG UNIV different thing receive ALSO deserve. -(A person who deserves to receive days and nights also deserves to receive every other thing from you.) +lu ta miona tha ha miona lo philo howela nela ha miona lo shero howela tho parelu. ha miona tha ha miona lue thia theula phirae thena howela tho we ke parelu. +[COND [one person] [DECL.COMP [[PROX person] [PL day] receive] COORD [[PROX person] [PL night] receive] DECL.COMP.CLOSE] deserve]. [[PROX person] [DECL.COMP [[PROX person] [ABL 2SG] [UNIV [different thing]] receive] DECL.COMP.CLOSE] ALSO INFER deserve]. +(If someone deserves to receive days and nights, it follows that this person also deserves to receive every different thing from you.) gibran: "Surely he who is worthy to receive his days and his nights, is worthy of all else from you." -[whu lue lioru thaluro milau parelu] miona lue thia thiku phuliro miso soeli pheno ka kelu parelu. -[REL ABL life ocean drink deserve] person ABL 2SG small stream REFL cup full CAUS become deserve. -(A person who deserves to drink from life's ocean deserves to make their own cup full from your little stream.) +lu ta miona tha ha miona lue [whu lioru phelu] thaluro milau tho ki parelu. ha miona tha ha miona lue thia thiku phuliro ha miona soeli pheno ka kelu tho parelu. +COND [one person] [DECL.COMP [PROX person] [ABL [[REL life hold] ocean]] drink DECL.COMP.CLOSE] PFV deserve. [PROX person] [DECL.COMP [PROX person] [ABL [2SG [small stream]]] [[PROX person] cup] full CAUS become DECL.COMP.CLOSE] deserve. +(If one person has deserved to drink from the ocean that holds life, they deserve to fill their cup from your small stream.) gibran: "And he who has deserved to drink from the ocean of life deserves to fill his cup from your little stream." -thomari nela norethi nela heloi howela parelu sheo hina mo whalo nai. -courage COORD confident COORD generous receive deserve THAN what CMPR large be. -(The deservingness of receiving with courage, confidence, and generosity is greater than what?) +howela parelu mua thomari nela mua norethi nai. whekai ha howela parelu mua heloi nai. hina parelu sheo ha howela parelu mo whalo so nai. +[[receive deserve] [[LOC courage] COORD [LOC confident]] be]. [CONTR [PROX [receive deserve]] [LOC generous] be]. [[what deserve] [THAN [PROX [receive deserve]]] [CMPR large] FUT be]. +(Deserving to receive lies in courage and confidence. Yet it lies in generosity. What kind of deserving will be greater than this?) gibran: "And what desert greater shall there be, than that which lies in the courage and the confidence, nay the charity, of receiving?" -lila thia [whu tawemi ma phelu] lo shia rolia nila nela [whu nupira ma phelu] lo shia thoru nila. wa lo miona lo miso pharoe na phae nela lo miso thoru na sirelu. thia sua nai. -PURP 2SG [REL cover NEG hold] PL 3SG worth see COORD [REL shame NEG hold] PL 3SG proud see. Q PL person PL REFL chest NEC open COORD PL REFL proud NEC disclose. 2SG who be. -(So that you may see their uncovered worth and their pride without shame, must people open their own chests and disclose their own pride? Who are you?) +lo miona ha rolia tawemi ma phelu. wa lila thia ha rolia po nila ha lo miona lo pharoe se na pisha. lo miona ha thoru nupira ma phelu. wa lila thia ha thoru po nila ha lo miona lo thoru se na sirelu. thia sua nai. +[PL person] [[PROX worth] cover] NEG hold. Q [PURP 2SG [PROX worth] POT see] [[[PROX [PL person]] [PL chest]] PASS NEC split]. [PL person] [[PROX proud] shame] NEG hold. Q [PURP 2SG [PROX proud] POT see] [[[PROX [PL person]] [PL proud]] PASS NEC disclose]. 2SG who be. +(People do not keep this worth covered. Must these people's chests be split so that you can see this worth? People carry no shame about this pride. Must these people's pride be disclosed so that you can see this pride? Who are you?) gibran: "And who are you that men should rend their bosom and unveil their pride, that you may see their worth naked and their pride unabashed?" -no mua thorui tha thia loa miona nela loa tenoa parelu tho somela. -IMP LOC beginning DECL.COMP 2SG give person COORD give tool deserve DECL.COMP.CLOSE observe. -(First observe that you deserve to be a giving person and a tool of giving.) +no mua thorui tha thia tha ko thia loami loa miona nai nela ko thia loa tenoa nai tho parelu tho somela. +IMP [LOC beginning] [DECL.COMP [2SG [DECL.COMP [[FOC 2SG] [[gift give] person] be] COORD [[FOC 2SG] [give tool] be] DECL.COMP.CLOSE] deserve] DECL.COMP.CLOSE] observe. +(At the beginning, observe that you yourself deserve to be both a person who gives gifts and a tool for giving.) gibran: "See first that you yourself deserve to be a giver, and an instrument of giving." ``` -**Notes:** `parelu` is a direct word for a reported judgement of desert. It assigns neither inherent `rolia` worth nor a right. Entitlement and qualification answer different questions in their own entries. The orchard uses the registered `lureko shiro koshira`, fruit-tree grove, and the pasture is a grass field. Gibran's courage, confidence, and charity become courage, confidence, and generosity in receiving. His naked worth has no cover, and his unabashed pride has no shame. The chest is opened rather than given a root for rending. In the final line, a giver is a giving person and an instrument is a giving tool. +**Notes:** `parelu` reports a judgement of desert; `rolia` keeps worth independent of it. The orchard and pasture repeat the proposition their trees and sheep reject, so "say not so" does not have to lean on memory alone. The ocean, stream, and cup remain present. So do the opened chest and pride. A chest can be split without Phi acquiring a word whose main employment would be rending chests. The final instruction asks the listener to observe whether they deserve to be a giving person and a tool of giving. ### Life, gratitude, and wings ``` -whau thia tha miso loa miona nai tho remo. lioru wei lioru loa. thia li [whu somela] miona nai. -SIMUL 2SG DECL.COMP REFL give person be DECL.COMP.CLOSE think. life DAT life give. 2SG RESTR [REL observe] person be. -(While you think that you are the giver, Life gives to Life. You are only a person who observes.) +lao lioru wei lioru roe shewo loa whau thia tha ko thia loami loa miona nai tho remo thia li [whu somela] miona nai. +[BECAUSE [life [DAT life] [INS true] give]] [SIMUL [2SG [DECL.COMP [FOC 2SG] [[gift give] person] be DECL.COMP.CLOSE] think]] 2SG [RESTR [[REL observe] person]] be. +(Because life gives to life through truth, you are only an observer while you think that you yourself are the one giving a gift.) gibran: "For in truth it is life that gives unto life--while you, who deem yourself a giver, are but a witness." -kona lo [whu howela] miona. theula thia howela miona nai. lila thia wei miso nela wei [whu loa] miona tupeka ma thinu. no nemo pamolu pilu. -VOC PL [REL receive] person. UNIV 2SG receive person be. PURP 2SG DAT REFL COORD DAT [REL give] person burden NEG place. IMP grateful weight take. -(Receivers: all of you are receiving people. So that you do not place a burden on yourself and on the person who gives, do not take up a weight of gratitude.) +kona lo [whu howela] miona. theula thia [whu howela] miona nai. no lila thia nia thia nela nia loami loa miona [whu nia nolue se thinu] kelo ma thinu nemo pamolu ma pilu. +VOC [PL [[REL receive] person]]. [UNIV 2SG] [[REL receive] person] be. IMP [PURP [2SG [[ON 2SG] COORD [ON [[gift give] person]]] [[REL [ON neck] PASS put] frame] NEG put]] [grateful weight] NEG take. +(People who receive, all of you are receivers. Do not take on the weight of gratitude, so that you do not lay a yoke on yourself and on the gift-giver.) gibran: "And you receivers--and you are all receivers--assume no weight of gratitude, lest you lay a yoke upon yourself and upon him who gives." -no nua [whu loa] miona phea lo wapile nia lo shia loami rihe. -IMP COM [REL give] person AS PL wing ON PL 3SG gift rise. -(Rise with the person who gives, upon their gifts as upon wings.) +muila ralu korua phelu. muila ha loami loa miona phao nai. thoepa phiora ha miona phao nai. lu thia thia naseru wo thesua theonu. thia tha ha miona heloi nai tho whamoi. ha miona lo loami phea lo wapile nai. no thelao nua ha miona nia ha miona lo loami rihe. +earth [free heart] hold. earth [[PROX [[gift give] person]] parent] be. [sacred spirit] [[PROX person] parent] be. COND [2SG [2SG obligation] [EXC mindful] attend]. 2SG [DECL.COMP [PROX person] generous be DECL.COMP.CLOSE] doubt. [[PROX person] [PL gift]] [AS [PL wing]] be. IMP CONS [COM [PROX person]] [ON [[PROX person] [PL gift]]] rise. +(The earth holds a free heart. The earth is this gift-giving person's parent. The sacred spirit is this person's parent. If you attend to your obligation too mindfully, you doubt that this person is generous. This person's gifts are like wings. Therefore, rise with this person upon their gifts.) gibran: "Rather rise together with the giver on his gifts as on wings;" - -lu thia thia naseru wo thesua nai. thia [whu phea phao ralu korua muila phelu nela phea phao thoepa phiora phelu] miona heloi whamoi. -COND 2SG 2SG obligation EXC mindful be. 2SG [REL AS parent free heart earth hold COORD AS parent sacred spirit hold] person generous doubt. -(If you are excessively mindful of your obligation, you doubt the generosity of a person who holds the freehearted earth as a parent and the sacred spirit as a parent.) gibran: "For to be overmindful of your debt, is to doubt his generosity who has the freehearted earth for mother, and God for father." ``` -**Notes:** Simultaneous `whau` lets the person's belief remain present while Life gives. A witness is a person who observes. Gibran's receivers become a direct address before `theula thia`, all of you, makes everyone a receiver. Debt is a socially attributed obligation, `naseru`, not a number or contract silently reconstructed in Phi. The final relative clause keeps both parents but not their gender: freehearted earth and sacred spirit are each held as `phao`, parent. +**Notes:** Life gives to Life while the human who thinks themself the giver remains an observer. Receivers take up no weight of gratitude, lest they place a neck-frame on themselves and the giver. The giver's parent relations are gender-neutral in Phi: freehearted earth and sacred spirit. Because the reason must precede the instruction under modifier-first order, the gifts become like wings before the reader is told to rise upon them. ## Complete translation ``` -ta himo [whu lo lorua thena phelu] miona sha no wei lo mia nia loa haolu sho to haolu. phirae miona to lonae. - -lu thia lo [whu mua thia phenori nai] thena loa. thia li thiku loa. lu thia miso loa. thia shewo loa. lao thia tha mua wireo philo lo shia so po phelona tho remo. thia mua sukima lo [whu mua thia phenori nai] thena phelu nela shorupo. thia lo [whu mua thia phenori nai] thena li hina nai. wireo philo wei [whu mua [whu mawha ruela phelu] kirua lo tholau kupe nela noe lo [whu kau thunepa laniru] miona thalo] wo thesa lohau hina so thola. wa phelona sukima li phelona nai. lu thia phitura pheno nai. wa kishu sukima [whu se po ma heno] kishu nai. +ta himo miona to nai. ha miona lo lorua thena to phelu. ha miona sha no nua lo mia loa shareo sho to haolu. ne musatapha to lonae. lu thia lo [whu mua thia phenori nai] thena loa. thia phina thena loa. lu thia miso loa. thia roe shewo loa. lao thia tha thia mua wireo philo lo [whu mua thia phenori nai] thena so po phelona tho remo thia lo [whu mua thia phenori nai] thena hina nai. ha lo thena li lo [whu thia mua sukima phelu] thena nai. thia mua sukima ha lo thena shorupo. wireo philo thola wei wo thesa lohau hina so nai. ha kirua mawha ruela phelu. whau ha lohau noe lo [whu kau thoepa whalo silawo laniru] miona thalo ha lohau mua ha kirua lo tholau kupe. wa phelona sukima li phelona nai. lu thia phitura pheno nai. wa kishu sukima [whu se po ma heno] kishu ma nai. -soli [whu lo lorua thena phelu] miona lo thiku thena loa. lila shia se miratu. shia lo shia thena loa. shia [whu se kupe] rinu lo shia loami peloma ka kelu. soli miona li lo thiku thena phelu. shia theula shia thena loa. ha lo miona lioru nela lioru lorua nohero. lo shia phelure molu mawha thimu whemoa nai. soli miona roe siora loa. ha siora lo shia thaweno nai. soli miona roe kipona loa. ha kipona lo shia thoepa phialu thorea nai. soli miona loa. shia mua loa kipona ma sano. shia siora ma sheraki. shia roe taleri thesua ma loa. shia phea [whu mua ra lewonu muo tholu welao whinu leiro] wotami loa. thoepa phiora thue ha lo miona lo manuwe haolu. shia noe lo shia mirae nia muila seniku. +soli miona lo lorua thena phelu. lila ha lo miona se thekao ha lo miona phina thena loa. ha lo miona [whu se kupe] rinu phelu. ha rinu ha lo miona lo loami peloma ka kelu. soli miona phina thena phelu. ha lo miona ha theula thena loa. ha lo miona lioru nela lioru lorua nohero. lo shia phelure molu mawha thimu whemoa nai. soli miona roe siora loa. ha siora ha lo miona thaweno nai. soli miona roe kipona loa. ha kipona ha lo miona thoepa phialu thorea nai. soli miona loa. ha lo miona mua loa kipona ma sano. ha lo miona siora ma sheraki. ha lo miona mua loa taleri ma theonu. ha lo miona phea [whu mua ra lewonu whunei] wotami loa. ha wotami muo tholu ha wotami welao whinu leiro. thoepa phiora thue ha lo miona lo manuwe haolu. thoepa phiora noe ha lo miona lo mirae wea muila seniku. -lu thia sha pi wa thia po loa sho hea. thia loa welao nai. lu thia whuo ha haolu roe shelomu loa. thia loa mo welao nai. heloi miona [whu loami so howela] miona sheraki. ha sheraki sheo loa mo siora nai. thia hina phelu rinu. theula whu thia phelu so se loa. lila thia loa meluna phelu nela lo thia lumira ma phelu. no nosa loa. +lu thia sha wa thia po loa sho hea. thia loa welao nai. lu thia whuo ha haolu roe shelomu loa. thia loa mo welao nai. heloi miona pha sua loami so howela pho sheraki. ha sheraki sheo loa mo siora nai. wa thia soli thena so ma loa. theula [whu mua thia phenori nai] thena mua ta wireo philo so se loa. no thelao lila thia ha loa meluna phelu nela thia lo lumira ha loa meluna ma phelu nosa loa. -thia sha mia so loa thona mia li wei [whu loami parelu] miona so loa sho ro haolu. lo shiro mua thia lureko shiro koshira senao ma haolu. lo mophira mua thia whelina kosha senao ma haolu. shia liona porua phelu. shia loa. lu shia loa naweri. shia lumeo. [whu lo philo nela lo shero howela parelu] miona lue thia theula phirae thena howela we parelu. [whu lue lioru thaluro milau parelu] miona lue thia thiku phuliro miso soeli pheno ka kelu parelu. thomari nela norethi nela heloi howela parelu sheo hina mo whalo nai. lila thia [whu tawemi ma phelu] lo shia rolia nila nela [whu nupira ma phelu] lo shia thoru nila. wa lo miona lo miso pharoe na phae nela lo miso thoru na sirelu. thia sua nai. no mua thorui tha thia loa miona nela loa tenoa parelu tho somela. +thia sha mia so loa thona mia li wei loami parelu miona so loa sho ro haolu. lo shiro mua thia lureko shiro koshira tha lo shiro li wei loami parelu miona so loa tho ma haolu. sheno lo mophira mua thia whelina kosha tha lo mophira li wei loami parelu miona so loa tho ma haolu. lila ha lo shiro nela ha lo mophira liona ha lo shiro nela ha lo mophira loa. lu ha lo shiro nela ha lo mophira loa naweri. ha lo shiro nela ha lo mophira lumeo. lu ta miona tha ha miona lo philo howela nela ha miona lo shero howela tho parelu. ha miona tha ha miona lue thia theula phirae thena howela tho we ke parelu. lu ta miona tha ha miona lue [whu lioru phelu] thaluro milau tho ki parelu. ha miona tha ha miona lue thia thiku phuliro ha miona soeli pheno ka kelu tho parelu. howela parelu mua thomari nela mua norethi nai. whekai ha howela parelu mua heloi nai. hina parelu sheo ha howela parelu mo whalo so nai. lo miona ha rolia tawemi ma phelu. wa lila thia ha rolia po nila ha lo miona lo pharoe se na pisha. lo miona ha thoru nupira ma phelu. wa lila thia ha thoru po nila ha lo miona lo thoru se na sirelu. thia sua nai. no mua thorui tha thia tha ko thia loami loa miona nai nela ko thia loa tenoa nai tho parelu tho somela. -whau thia tha miso loa miona nai tho remo. lioru wei lioru loa. thia li [whu somela] miona nai. kona lo [whu howela] miona. theula thia howela miona nai. lila thia wei miso nela wei [whu loa] miona tupeka ma thinu. no nemo pamolu pilu. no nua [whu loa] miona phea lo wapile nia lo shia loami rihe. lu thia thia naseru wo thesua nai. thia [whu phea phao ralu korua muila phelu nela phea phao thoepa phiora phelu] miona heloi whamoi. +lao lioru wei lioru roe shewo loa whau thia tha ko thia loami loa miona nai tho remo thia li [whu somela] miona nai. kona lo [whu howela] miona. theula thia [whu howela] miona nai. no lila thia nia thia nela nia loami loa miona [whu nia nolue se thinu] kelo ma thinu nemo pamolu ma pilu. muila ralu korua phelu. muila ha loami loa miona phao nai. thoepa phiora ha miona phao nai. lu thia thia naseru wo thesua theonu. thia tha ha miona heloi nai tho whamoi. ha miona lo loami phea lo wapile nai. no thelao nua ha miona nia ha miona lo loami rihe. ``` ## Translation limits | Source concept | Phi treatment | Boundary retained | |---|---|---| -| rich man | a person who holds abundant things | `simoe` does not rank people by possessions, and no legal or economic class is inferred | -| possessions and coffer | things in an ownership relation; a storage container | property rules, wealth, and the exact object remain with the source | -| overprudent dog and pilgrims | an excessively careful dog; people journeying to a sacred place | burial and following are described, while pilgrimage and holy-city identities remain unclaimed | -| reward and deservingness | `thaweno`; `parelu` | reward remains distinct from gift and exchange; desert remains a judgement distinct from worth, right, entitlement, and qualification | -| baptism | sacred water ceremony | the inherited rite and its theological force stay in Gibran's line | -| myrtle | shrub | the source preserves the named species; Phi preserves the valley, pleasant smell, and release into space | -| God | sacred spirit | the source alone supplies the divine identity, pronoun, and parentage | -| inheritors | descendants | exact inheritance relations and legal succession remain outside the Phi claim | -| naked worth and unabashed pride | worth without a cover; pride without shame | the physical and emotional images remain, but English homonymy does not create a Phi root | -| debt, mother, and father | obligation; parent | exact debt and gendered kinship remain in the source wording | +| rich man | a person who holds abundant things | Phi describes what the person holds without creating a rank from possessions. | +| possessions and coffer | things within an ownership relation; a storage container | Exact property rules and the precise object remain with the source. | +| overprudent dog and pilgrims | an excessively careful dog; people journeying to a sacred large village | Phi keeps the pathless sand, hidden bones, following, and destination; the inherited identities of pilgrimage and holy city remain in Gibran's line. | +| reward and deservingness | `thaweno`; `parelu` | Reward remains distinct from gift and exchange. Desert remains a judgement rather than inherent worth or a right. | +| baptism | a sacred water ceremony | Gibran's inherited rite and its theological force stay exact in the source wording. | +| myrtle | a shrub that breathes and releases its scent | The source preserves the species name; Phi preserves its valley, breath, scent, and movement into space. | +| God | a sacred spirit and parent | The source supplies the divine identity and pronoun. | +| inheritors | descendants | Phi keeps the family relation without supplying an exact law of succession. | +| naked worth and unabashed pride | worth without a cover; pride without shame; chests that must be split or disclosed | The physical and emotional images stay present without turning their English phrasing into new Phi roots. | +| debt and yoke | obligation; a frame placed on the neck | The source keeps the accounting sense of debt and the inherited name of the restraint. |