diff --git a/livekit-rtc/livekit/rtc/synchronizer.py b/livekit-rtc/livekit/rtc/synchronizer.py
index 813a3641..6010c1c0 100644
--- a/livekit-rtc/livekit/rtc/synchronizer.py
+++ b/livekit-rtc/livekit/rtc/synchronizer.py
@@ -179,10 +179,13 @@ async def wait_next_process(self) -> None:
 
     def after_process(self) -> None:
         """Update timing information after processing a frame."""
-        assert self._next_frame_time is not None, "wait_next_process must be called first"
+        now = time.perf_counter()
+        if self._next_frame_time is None:
+            # reset() ran after wait_next_process() for this frame (e.g. during its sleep)
+            self._next_frame_time = now
 
         # update timing information
-        self._send_timestamps.append(time.perf_counter())
+        self._send_timestamps.append(now)
 
         # calculate next frame time
         self._next_frame_time += self._frame_interval
diff --git a/tests/rtc/test_synchronizer.py b/tests/rtc/test_synchronizer.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3d4cb754
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/rtc/test_synchronizer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import time
+from typing import Any, Callable, Optional
+
+from livekit import rtc
+from livekit.rtc.synchronizer import _FPSController
+
+
+class _FakeVideoSource:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.frames: list[rtc.VideoFrame] = []
+        self.on_capture: Optional[Callable[[], None]] = None
+
+    def capture_frame(self, frame: rtc.VideoFrame) -> None:
+        self.frames.append(frame)
+        if self.on_capture is not None:
+            self.on_capture()
+
+
+class _FakeAudioSource:
+    queued_duration = 0.0
+
+    async def wait_for_playout(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+
+async def test_fps_controller_schedules_from_now_after_a_reset_mid_frame() -> None:
+    controller = _FPSController(expected_fps=10)
+
+    await controller.wait_next_process()
+    controller.reset()
+    before = time.perf_counter()
+    controller.after_process()
+
+    assert controller._next_frame_time is not None
+    assert before + 0.1 <= controller._next_frame_time <= time.perf_counter() + 0.1
+
+
+async def test_av_synchronizer_keeps_sending_after_a_reset_mid_frame() -> None:
+    video = _FakeVideoSource()
+    source: Any = _FakeAudioSource()
+    sync = rtc.AVSynchronizer(audio_source=source, video_source=video, video_fps=100)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+    frames = [rtc.VideoFrame(2, 2, rtc.VideoBufferType.RGBA, bytes(16)) for _ in range(3)]
+
+    # reset() from inside the capture lands between wait_next_process() and after_process()
+    video.on_capture = sync.reset
+    try:
+        for frame in frames:
+            await sync.push(frame)
+        await asyncio.wait_for(sync.wait_for_playout(), timeout=2)
+    finally:
+        await sync.aclose()
+
+    assert video.frames == frames