Merge branch 'main' into fix-forkserver-sigkill-race

Author: devdavidejesus

.github/workflows/reusable-emscripten.yml

@@ -79,3 +79,5 @@ jobs:
       run: python3 Platforms/emscripten run --test
     - name: "Test Repl"
       run: Platforms/emscripten/browser_test/run_test.sh
+    - name: "Test embedding"
+      run: Platforms/emscripten/web_embed_test/run_test.sh

.github/workflows/reusable-wasi.yml

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 60
     env:
       WASMTIME_VERSION: 48.0.2
-      CROSS_BUILD_WASI: cross-build/wasm32-wasip1
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
       with:
@@ -65,4 +64,6 @@ jobs:
     - name: "Display build info of the host/WASI Python"
       run: python3 Platforms/WASI pythoninfo-host
     - name: "Test"
-      run: make --directory "${CROSS_BUILD_WASI}" test
+      run: |
+        CROSS_BUILD_WASI=$(python3 Platforms/WASI path)
+        make --directory "${CROSS_BUILD_WASI}" test

Doc/README.rst

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ tree but are maintained separately and are available from
 * `Sphinx <https://pypi.org/project/Sphinx/>`_
 * `blurb <https://pypi.org/project/blurb/>`_
 * `python-docs-theme <https://pypi.org/project/python-docs-theme/>`_
+* `sphinx-linklint <https://pypi.org/project/sphinx-linklint/>`_
 
 The easiest way to install these tools is to create a virtual environment and
 install the tools into there.
@@ -57,6 +58,8 @@ Available make targets are:
 * "venv", which creates a virtual environment with all necessary tools
   installed.
 
+* "lock", which regenerates the pinned dependencies in ``pylock.toml``.
+
 * "html", which builds standalone HTML files for offline viewing.
 
 * "htmlview", which re-uses the "html" builder, but then opens the main page
@@ -79,6 +82,9 @@ Available make targets are:
 
 * "text", which builds a plain text file for each source file.
 
+* "texinfo", which builds Texinfo source files as input to ``makeinfo`` to
+  produce Info documents.
+
 * "epub", which builds an EPUB document, suitable to be viewed on e-book
   readers.
 
@@ -97,6 +103,10 @@ Available make targets are:
   plain text documentation for the labels defined in
   ``tools/pyspecific.py`` -- pydoc needs these to show topic and keyword help.
 
+* "doctest", which runs doctests in the documentation.
+
+* "gettext", which generates gettext message catalog templates.
+
 * "check", which checks for frequent markup errors.
 
 * "dist", (Unix only) which creates distributable archives of HTML, text,

Doc/library/ctypes.rst

@@ -1337,6 +1337,31 @@ write::
    :class:`threading.local` will *not* survive across different callbacks, even when
    those calls are made from the same C thread.
 
+Callback functions can return structures and unions by value, in addition to
+the simple types:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+   class Point(Structure):
+       _fields_ = [("x", c_int), ("y", c_int)]
+
+   @CFUNCTYPE(Point)
+   def get_origin():
+       return Point(0, 0)
+
+.. note::
+
+   A structure or union returned from a callback is copied *by value*, and
+   :mod:`!ctypes` does not keep the returned object alive after the callback
+   returns. If the structure contains a pointer field (such as
+   :class:`c_char_p` or a :func:`POINTER` type), you must ensure that the
+   memory it refers to stays valid for as long as the C code uses it -- the
+   same requirement C itself imposes. Returning a pointer to memory owned by
+   a temporary Python object will leave the C caller with a dangling pointer.
+
+.. versionchanged:: next
+   Callback functions can now return structures and unions.
+
 .. _ctypes-accessing-values-exported-from-dlls:
 
 Accessing values exported from dlls

Doc/library/dis.rst

@@ -1436,10 +1436,14 @@ iterations of the loop.
 .. opcode:: LOAD_GLOBAL (namei)
 
    Loads the global named ``co_names[namei>>1]`` onto the stack.
+   If the low bit of ``namei`` is set, a ``NULL`` is pushed onto the stack
+   after the global variable.
 
    .. versionchanged:: 3.11
-      If the low bit of ``namei`` is set, then a ``NULL`` is pushed to the
-      stack before the global variable.
+      The low bit of ``namei`` indicates whether a ``NULL`` is pushed.
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 3.13
+      The ``NULL`` is pushed after the global variable, rather than before it.
 
 .. opcode:: LOAD_FAST (var_num)
 

Doc/library/shutil.rst

@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ Directory and files operations
 
 .. function:: copytree(src, dst, symlinks=False, ignore=None, \
               copy_function=copy2, ignore_dangling_symlinks=False, \
-              dirs_exist_ok=False)
+              dirs_exist_ok=False, *, copy_dir_stat=True)
 
    Recursively copy an entire directory tree rooted at *src* to a directory
    named *dst* and return the destination directory.  All intermediate
@@ -251,6 +251,12 @@ Directory and files operations
    Permissions and times of directories are copied with :func:`copystat`,
    individual files are copied using :func:`~shutil.copy2`.
 
+   If *copy_dir_stat* is false, directory metadata is not copied with
+   :func:`copystat`, e.g. to copy a read-only tree into a writable one.
+   It defaults to true.  Note that file metadata is always handled by
+   *copy_function*: use e.g. ``copy_function=shutil.copyfile`` to skip
+   that as well.
+
    If *symlinks* is true, symbolic links in the source tree are represented as
    symbolic links in the new tree and the metadata of the original links will
    be copied as far as the platform allows; if false or omitted, the contents
@@ -306,6 +312,9 @@ Directory and files operations
    .. versionchanged:: 3.8
       Added the *dirs_exist_ok* parameter.
 
+   .. versionchanged:: 3.16
+      Added the *copy_dir_stat* parameter.
+
 .. function:: rmtree(path, ignore_errors=False, onerror=None, *, onexc=None, dir_fd=None)
 
    .. index:: single: directory; deleting
@@ -316,6 +325,12 @@ Directory and files operations
    handled by calling a handler specified by *onexc* or *onerror* or, if both
    are omitted, exceptions are propagated to the caller.
 
+   If *path* is a symbolic link to a directory followed by a trailing path
+   separator, such as ``'link/'``, the operating system resolves the link, so
+   :func:`!rmtree` deletes the contents of the directory it points to and then
+   fails to remove *path* itself.  :class:`pathlib.Path` strips trailing
+   separators, so ``rmtree(Path('link/'))`` refuses the link as usual.
+
    This function can support :ref:`paths relative to directory descriptors
    <dir_fd>`.
 

Doc/library/tarfile.rst

@@ -1131,6 +1131,11 @@ reused in custom filters:
   - :ref:`Refuse <tarfile-extraction-refuse>` to extract files whose absolute
     path (after following symlinks) would end up outside the destination.
     This raises :class:`~tarfile.OutsideDestinationError`.
+  - :ref:`Refuse <tarfile-extraction-refuse>` to extract links (hard or soft)
+    whose name refers to the destination directory itself.
+    This raises :class:`~tarfile.OutsideDestinationError`.
+    Note that such files are refused even on platforms that do not support
+    symbolic links.
   - Clear high mode bits (setuid, setgid, sticky) and group/other write bits
     (:const:`~stat.S_IWGRP` | :const:`~stat.S_IWOTH`).
 

Doc/library/zipfile.rst

@@ -722,6 +722,10 @@ Path objects are traversable using the ``/`` operator or ``joinpath``.
 
    Enumerate the children of the current directory.
 
+   .. versionchanged:: 3.16
+      Raises :exc:`NotADirectoryError` when the current context does not
+      reference a directory. Previously, it raised :exc:`ValueError`.
+
 .. method:: Path.is_dir()
 
    Return ``True`` if the current context references a directory.

Doc/using/configure.rst

@@ -763,6 +763,24 @@ also be used to improve performance.
    BOLT versions before LLVM 16 are known to crash BOLT under some scenarios.
    Use of LLVM 16 or newer for BOLT optimization is strongly encouraged.
 
+   BOLT does not preserve protection against Cortex-A53 erratum 843419. Binaries
+   processed by BOLT must not run on processors affected by this erratum,
+   including during the build. On AArch64, :program:`configure` reports an error
+   if build flags explicitly request the workaround. Recent BOLT versions reject
+   workaround veneers by default during the build, including when the workaround
+   is enabled by compiler defaults.
+
+   If none of the generated executables or shared libraries will run on affected
+   processors, disable the workaround explicitly. For GCC toolchains that enable
+   it by default, pass ``-mno-fix-cortex-a53-843419`` through
+   :envvar:`LDFLAGS_NODIST`::
+
+      LDFLAGS_NODIST="-mno-fix-cortex-a53-843419" ./configure --enable-bolt
+
+   Remove any explicit ``-mfix-cortex-a53-843419`` or
+   ``-Wl,--fix-cortex-a53-843419`` flags from the build configuration. The GCC
+   option does not override explicit linker flags.
+
    The :envvar:`!BOLT_INSTRUMENT_FLAGS` and :envvar:`!BOLT_APPLY_FLAGS`
    :program:`configure` variables can be defined to override the default set of
    arguments for :program:`llvm-bolt` to instrument and apply BOLT data to

Doc/using/windows.rst

@@ -272,6 +272,27 @@ New runtime versions may be added using ``py install``. One or more tags may be
 specified, and the special tag ``default`` may be used to select the default.
 Ranges are not supported for installation.
 
+CPython publishes multiple runtime variants. For most users,
+``PythonCore`` is recommended and provides the standard CPython runtime.
+Tags without any prefix are treated as ``PythonCore\<TAG>``.
+
+``PythonTest`` includes the standard runtime together with the test suite
+and debugging symbols. It is intended for contributors or users who need
+these additional files for testing or debugging Python.
+
+``PythonEmbed`` provides a minimal embeddable distribution for
+applications that bundle Python rather than for interactive use. It
+would normally be used with the ``--target`` option described below.
+
+To see the available runtime variants, run::
+
+   py list --online
+
+To install a specific variant, include it in the tag passed to
+``py install``::
+
+   py install PythonTest\3.14
+
 The ``--source=<URL>`` option allows overriding the online index that is used to
 obtain runtimes. This may be used with an offline index, as shown in
 :ref:`pymanager-offline`.