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Qubit Evolution

Interactive single-qubit visualiser: tune a Hamiltonian, pick $|\psi(0)\rangle$, and watch Schrödinger evolution on the Bloch sphere.

Open Qubit Evolution

Qubit Evolution: Bloch sphere, Hamiltonian controls, and Dirac notation

Hamiltonian

The Hamiltonian, $H$ is the energy operator. For a single qubit it is a $2\times 2$ Hermitian matrix, a real linear combination of the identity and the Pauli matrices:

$$ I = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 \cr 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix},\quad \sigma_x = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 1 \cr 1 & 0 \end{bmatrix},\quad \sigma_y = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & -i \cr i & 0 \end{bmatrix},\quad \sigma_z = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 \cr 0 & -1 \end{bmatrix}. $$

Users can fine-tune $\omega$, $\Omega_x$, $\Omega_y$, and $\varepsilon$ to form the Hamiltonian:

$$ H = \frac{\omega}{2}\sigma_z + \frac{\Omega_x}{2}\sigma_x + \frac{\Omega_y}{2}\sigma_y + \varepsilon I $$

The sign of each Pauli coefficient sets the sense of rotation about that axis. The identity coefficient $\varepsilon$ is a global energy: it shifts $E_\pm = \varepsilon \pm \omega_R/2$ but does not rotate the Bloch vector. On the Bloch sphere the state precesses about $\vec{\Omega}$ at

$$ \omega_R = \sqrt{\omega^2 + \Omega_x^2 + \Omega_y^2},\qquad T = 2\pi/\omega_R. $$

About

Interactive single qubit visualiser with tunable Hamiltonian. Visualises time-independent Schrödinger evolution on the Bloch sphere.

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