PredictiveEcology · eliotmcintire · Sep 28, 2026 · Sep 28, 2026
diff --git a/NEWS.md b/NEWS.md
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 # fireSense_dataPrepPredict (development version)
 
+- Fixed: `nonflammableLCC`'s default (`c(0, 20, 31, 32, 33)`) missed SCANFI's rock/exposed code
+  (`30`), so rock entered predictions as flammable non-forest. The default now comes from
+  `fireSenseUtils::fireSenseNonflammableLCC`, the single source of truth `makeFireSenseLCC()`
+  also uses. Needs `fireSenseUtils@development (>= 0.2.3.9060)`. Version 1.0.4.9005.
 - `prepare_SpreadPredict()` now passes `rstLCC` to `fireSenseCovariatesCreate()` (previously never
   passed, so `treedWetland` never appeared). It now also reads `sim$studyAreaWithSpreadParams`
   (the fitted SpreadFit ledger rows `fireSense_ELFs` supplies, also read undeclared by

diff --git a/fireSense_dataPrepPredict.R b/fireSense_dataPrepPredict.R
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ defineModule(sim, list(
     person("Alex M", "Chubaty", role = "ctb", email = "achubaty@for-cast.ca")
   ),
   childModules = character(0),
-  version = list(fireSense_dataPrepPredict = "1.0.4.9004"),
+  version = list(fireSense_dataPrepPredict = "1.0.4.9005"),
   timeframe = as.POSIXlt(c(NA, NA)),
   timeunit = "year",
   citation = list("citation.bib"),
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ defineModule(sim, list(
                              "fireSense_IgnitionFit", "fireSense_SpreadFit")),
   reqdPkgs = list(
     "data.table",
-    "PredictiveEcology/fireSenseUtils@development (>= 0.2.3.9057)",
+    "PredictiveEcology/fireSenseUtils@development (>= 0.2.3.9060)",
     "terra"
   ),
   parameters = rbind(
@@ -43,10 +43,11 @@ defineModule(sim, list(
     defineParameter("igAggFactor", "numeric", 4, 1, NA,
                     paste("Aggregation factor for the ignition and escape covariates.",
                           "Overwritten in `init` by the value set in other modules.")),
-    defineParameter("nonflammableLCC", "numeric", c(0, 20, 31, 32, 33), NA, NA,
+    defineParameter("nonflammableLCC", "numeric", fireSenseUtils::fireSenseNonflammableLCC, NA, NA,
       desc = paste(
         "Non-flammable landcover classes, used to create `flammableRTM` and the default landcover",
-        "if not supplied. Defaults are water, snow/ice, rock and barren land in NTEMS LCC."
+        "if not supplied. The default, `fireSenseUtils::fireSenseNonflammableLCC`, is no data,",
+        "water, rock, snow/ice and barren land."
       )
     ),
     defineParameter("nonForestCanBeYoungAge", "logical", TRUE, NA, NA,

diff --git a/fireSense_dataPrepPredict.html b/fireSense_dataPrepPredict.html
@@ -2994,7 +2994,7 @@
 
 
 <h1 class="title toc-ignore">fireSense_dataPrepPredict Manual</h1>
-<h3 class="subtitle">v.1.0.4.9004</h3>
+<h3 class="subtitle">v.1.0.4.9005</h3>
 <h4 class="date">Last updated: 2026-09-28</h4>
 
 </div>
@@ -3004,7 +3004,7 @@ <h4 class="date">Last updated: 2026-09-28</h4>
 <h1>fireSense_dataPrepPredict Module</h1>
 <!-- the following are text references used in captions for LaTeX compatibility -->
 
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+<p><a href="https://commonmark.org"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" alt="made-with-Markdown" /></a></p>
 <!-- if knitting to pdf remember to add the pandoc_args: ["--extract-media", "."] option to yml in order to get the badge images -->
 <div id="authors" class="section level4">
 <h4>Authors:</h4>
@@ -3015,7 +3015,7 @@ <h4>Authors:</h4>
 <h2>Module Overview</h2>
 <div id="module-summary" class="section level3">
 <h3>Module summary</h3>
-<p>Prepares, each year, the covariate tables that the fireSense <span class="citation">(<a href="#ref-Marchal:2017a">Marchal, Steve G. Cumming, et al. 2017b</a>; <a href="#ref-Marchal:2017b">Marchal, Steve G. Cumming, et al. 2017a</a>; <a href="#ref-Marchal:2019">Marchal et al. 2019</a>)</span> predict modules use:</p>
+<p>Prepares, each year, the covariate tables that the fireSense <span class="citation">(<a href="#ref-Marchal:2017a">Marchal, Cumming, and McIntire 2017b</a>; <a href="#ref-Marchal:2017b">Marchal, Cumming, and McIntire 2017a</a>; <a href="#ref-Marchal:2019">Marchal, Cumming, and McIntire 2019</a>)</span> predict modules use:</p>
 <ul>
 <li><code>fireSense_igAndEscapePred_Covariates</code> for <em>fireSense_IgnitionPredict</em> and <em>fireSense_EscapePredict</em>: fuel classes, non-forest landcover, <code>youngAge</code>, ignition climate and lightning days, aggregated by <code>igAggFactor</code>.</li>
 <li><code>fireSense_SpreadCovariates</code> for <em>fireSense_SpreadPredict</em>: the same fuel, landcover and <code>youngAge</code> columns plus spread climate, at the resolution of <code>flammableRTM</code>.</li>
@@ -3546,7 +3546,7 @@ <h3>Module inputs and parameters</h3>
 NA
 </td>
 <td style="text-align:left;">
-Non-flammable landcover classes, used to create <code>flammableRTM</code> and the default landcover if not supplied. Defaults are water, snow/ice, rock and barren land in NTEMS LCC.
+Non-flammable landcover classes, used to create <code>flammableRTM</code> and the default landcover if not supplied. The default, <code>fireSenseUtils::fireSenseNonflammableLCC</code>, is no data, water, rock, snow/ice and barren land.
 </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
@@ -3776,7 +3776,7 @@ <h2>References</h2>
 Marchal, Jean, Steve G Cumming, and Eliot J B McIntire. 2017b. <span>“Land Cover, More Than Monthly Fire Weather, Drives Fire-Size Distribution in <span>Southern</span> <span>QuÃ©bec</span> Forests: <span>Implications</span> for Fire Risk Management.”</span> <em>PLoS ONE</em> 12 (6): 1–17. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179294">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179294</a>.
 </div>
 <div id="ref-Marchal:2019" class="csl-entry">
-Marchal, Jean, Steven G. Cumming, and Eliot J. B. McIntire. 2019. <span>“Turning <span>Down</span> the <span>Heat</span>: <span>Vegetation</span> <span>Feedbacks</span> <span>Limit</span> <span>Fire</span> <span>Regime</span> <span>Responses</span> to <span>Global</span> <span>Warming</span>.”</span> <em>Ecosystems</em>, ahead of print, May. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-019-00398-2">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-019-00398-2</a>.
+Marchal, Jean, Steven G. Cumming, and Eliot J. B. McIntire. 2019. <span>“Turning <span>Down</span> the <span>Heat</span>: <span>Vegetation</span> <span>Feedbacks</span> <span>Limit</span> <span>Fire</span> <span>Regime</span> <span>Responses</span> to <span>Global</span> <span>Warming</span>.”</span> <em>Ecosystems</em>, May. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-019-00398-2">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-019-00398-2</a>.
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>

diff --git a/fireSense_dataPrepPredict.md b/fireSense_dataPrepPredict.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 title: "fireSense_dataPrepPredict Manual"
-subtitle: "v.1.0.4.9004"
+subtitle: "v.1.0.4.9005"
 date: "Last updated: 2026-09-28"
 output:
   bookdown::html_document2:
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ Summary of user-visible parameters (Table \@ref(tab:moduleParams-fireSense-dataP
    <td style="text-align:left;"> 0, 20, 3.... </td>
    <td style="text-align:left;"> NA </td>
    <td style="text-align:left;"> NA </td>
-   <td style="text-align:left;"> Non-flammable landcover classes, used to create `flammableRTM` and the default landcover if not supplied. Defaults are water, snow/ice, rock and barren land in NTEMS LCC. </td>
+   <td style="text-align:left;"> Non-flammable landcover classes, used to create `flammableRTM` and the default landcover if not supplied. The default, `fireSenseUtils::fireSenseNonflammableLCC`, is no data, water, rock, snow/ice and barren land. </td>
   </tr>
   <tr>
    <td style="text-align:left;"> nonForestCanBeYoungAge </td>

diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-nonflammableLCC.R b/tests/testthat/test-nonflammableLCC.R
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+## Root cause: fireSense_dataPrepPredict.R:46 hard-coded `nonflammableLCC = c(0, 20, 31, 32, 33)`,
+## the NTEMS non-flammable codes, missing SCANFI's combined rock/exposed code (30). Land cover
+## built by `fireSenseUtils::makeFireSenseLCC()` from SCANFI carries that code, so rock entered
+## predictions as flammable non-forest. The default now comes from
+## `fireSenseUtils::fireSenseNonflammableLCC`, the single source of truth `makeFireSenseLCC()`
+## itself also uses.
+
+test_that("nonflammableLCC defaults to fireSenseUtils::fireSenseNonflammableLCC", {
+  md <- SpaDES.core::moduleMetadata(module = moduleName, path = modulePath)
+  default <- md$parameters$default[md$parameters$paramName == "nonflammableLCC"][[1]]
+  expect_identical(default, fireSenseUtils::fireSenseNonflammableLCC)
+})
+
+test_that("the flammability step marks SCANFI rock/exposed (class 30) non-flammable", {
+  md <- SpaDES.core::moduleMetadata(module = moduleName, path = modulePath)
+  default <- md$parameters$default[md$parameters$paramName == "nonflammableLCC"][[1]]
+
+  ## Toy land cover: coniferous forest (flammable), SCANFI rock/exposed, water.
+  toyLCC <- terra::rast(nrows = 1, ncols = 3, xmin = 0, xmax = 3, ymin = 0, ymax = 1,
+                        crs = "EPSG:3978")
+  terra::values(toyLCC) <- c(210L, 30L, 20L)
+
+  flammable <- LandR::defineFlammable(toyLCC, nonFlammClasses = default)
+  expect_equal(as.vector(terra::values(flammable, mat = FALSE)), c(1, 0, 0))
+})