check_for_release: compare against the release marked as latest

[MickLesk]

✍️ Description

• check_for_release asks /releases/latest first, like the deploy path does since github-api: take the release the maintainer marked as latest #55
• Pins, tag prefixes and GH_INCLUDE_PRERELEASE=1 still read the list

Repos that do not flag betas as prereleases offered the beta on every run while the deploy kept the stable release:

repo	installed	before	after
gtsteffaniak/filebrowser	2.0.0-stable	update to 2.1.0-beta	no update
NeptuneHub/AudioMuse-AI	3.6.3	update to 5.0.0-model	no update
jellyfin/jellyfin	10.0.0	update to 12.2	update to 12.2

🔗 Related Issue

Related: community-scripts/ProxmoxVE#17809

✅ Prerequisites (X in brackets)

• Self-review completed – Code follows project standards.
• Tested thoroughly – Changes work as expected (Proxmox VE and/or Incus, as applicable).
• No security risks – No hardcoded secrets, unnecessary privilege escalations, or permission issues.
• API.txt regenerated – If a function signature or behavior changed, API.txt was updated to match.

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🤖 AI Assistance (X in brackets)

If you used an AI tool (GitHub Copilot, Claude, ChatGPT, etc.) to write or generate any code in this PR, you must confirm compliance below.
Select exactly one option.

• No AI used – Code was written without AI assistance.
• AI was used – The output has been reviewed and corrected, and I take responsibility for it matching this repo's conventions.

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🛠️ Type of Change (X in brackets)

• 🐞 Bug fix – Resolves an issue without breaking functionality.
• ✨ New feature – Adds new, non-breaking functionality.
• 💥 Breaking change – Alters existing behavior in a way that may require updates in every downstream script.
• 🔧 Refactoring / Code Cleanup – Improves readability or maintainability without changing functionality.
• 📝 Documentation update – Changes to README, docs/, CONTRIBUTING.md, or other docs.

[github-actions]

Try this branch

The engine and the scripts resolve independently, so a production script can
be run against the engine from this PR by setting one variable:

COMMUNITY_SCRIPTS_CORE_URL=https://raw.githubusercontent.com/community-scripts/core/fix/check-release-designated-latest \
bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/community-scripts/ProxmoxVE/main/ct/debian.sh)"

Swap ct/debian.sh for whatever exercises the change.

Run a script from a fork as well

curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/community-scripts/core/fix/check-release-designated-latest/tools/run.sh |
  bash -s -- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/YOU/DevScripts/your-branch ct/debian.sh \
             https://raw.githubusercontent.com/community-scripts/core/fix/check-release-designated-latest

Note that run.sh is reached through a pipe, so the script it starts inherits
an exhausted stdin. Whiptail is fine — it opens /dev/tty — but a plain read
would see EOF. The single-variable form above does not have that problem.

Useful flags while testing

dev_mode=net logs every engine fetch with status and duration, which is the
quickest way to confirm the branch is really being used. dev_mode=keep stops a
failed build from deleting the container along with the evidence.