fix(firestore): fail iOS transaction timeout without SDK retry

[russellwheatley]

• Fixes [🐛] [iOS] [firestore] Hard abort in transactionGetDocument after the 15s bridge timeout: "A transaction object cannot be used after its update callback has been invoked" #9298

iOS runTransaction was returning a retryable Firestore DeadlineExceeded after the 15s JS-bridge wait. The SDK retried, and a leftover transactionGetDocument hit EnsureCommitNotCalled.

Fail that wait with a non-FIRFirestoreErrorDomain timeout so the SDK does not retry. That is required with this design: prepare resets get eligibility, so a retry would make a leftover JS get look live on the next FIRTransaction. Android still throws retryable DEADLINE_EXCEEDED, so the same slow updateFunction fails once on iOS and keeps retrying on Android.

• Isolate leftover get and applyBuffer. Leftover get rejects deadline-exceeded (or aborted if disposed). A missing id still rejects internal-error. Leftover applyBuffer is a no-op.
• JS skips applyBuffer / a second reject once the id is already finished

---

Maintainer note: Fixes internal CPRN-426

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 69.52%. Comparing base (695161f) to head (389a653).

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##               main    #9303      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     69.49%   69.52%   +0.04%     
- Complexity     2129     2130       +1     
============================================
  Files           439      439              
  Lines         25472    25475       +3     
  Branches       4251     4252       +1     
============================================
+ Hits          17700    17710      +10     
+ Misses         6365     6361       -4     
+ Partials       1407     1404       -3     

Flag	Coverage Δ
android-native	65.93% <ø> (+0.01%)	⬆️
e2e-ts-android	54.49% <71.43%> (+0.05%)	⬆️
e2e-ts-ios	53.90% <71.43%> (-<0.01%)	⬇️
e2e-ts-macos	49.96% <71.43%> (-<0.01%)	⬇️
ios-ruby	100.00% <ø> (ø)
jest	47.92% <85.72%> (+0.35%)	⬆️

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