gh-139122: Reimplement base UUID type, uuid4(), and uuid7() in C

Doc/library/uuid.rst

@@ -69,6 +69,11 @@ which relays any information about the UUID's safety, using this enumeration:
    variant and version number set according to :rfc:`9562`, overriding bits in the
    given *hex*, *bytes*, *bytes_le*, *fields*, or *int*.
 
+   .. versionchanged:: next
+      Passing an object other than :class:`bytes` as *bytes* or *bytes_le*
+      now consistently raises :exc:`TypeError`. Previously, some invalid inputs
+      raised :exc:`AssertionError` or :exc:`ValueError`.
+
    Comparison of UUID objects are made by way of comparing their
    :attr:`UUID.int` attributes.  Comparison with a non-UUID object
    raises a :exc:`TypeError`.

Doc/whatsnew/3.16.rst

@@ -845,6 +845,18 @@ unicodedata
 * The Unicode database has been updated to Unicode 18.0.0.
 
 
+uuid
+----
+
+* :class:`uuid.UUID`, :func:`uuid.uuid4`, and :func:`uuid.uuid7` now have
+  C implementations, with a pure Python fallback.
+  In microbenchmarks, UUIDv4 and UUIDv7 generation are approximately 15 and
+  30 times faster, respectively, than the pure Python implementations.
+  UUID construction and string conversion are also faster; see
+  :ref:`whatsnew316-uuid-optimizations` for the benchmark results.
+  (Contributed by Yury Selivanov in :gh:`139123`.)
+
+
 xml
 ---
 
@@ -953,6 +965,28 @@ re
   :gh:`152056`.)
 
 
+.. _whatsnew316-uuid-optimizations:
+
+uuid
+----
+
+* C implementations accelerate UUID generation, construction, and string
+  conversion. Microbenchmarks comparing the C and pure Python implementations
+  measured the following speedups:
+
+  ================================  =======
+  Operation                         Speedup
+  ================================  =======
+  :func:`uuid.uuid4` generation       15.01x
+  :func:`uuid.uuid7` generation       29.64x
+  :class:`uuid.UUID` from a string     6.76x
+  :class:`uuid.UUID` from bytes        5.16x
+  :func:`str` conversion of a UUID     6.66x
+  ================================  =======
+
+  (Contributed by Yury Selivanov in :gh:`139123`.)
+
+
 Removed
 ========
 
@@ -1151,6 +1185,12 @@ that may require changes to your code.
   :exc:`TypeError`.
   (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`152587`.)
 
+* :class:`uuid.UUID` now consistently raises :exc:`TypeError` when the
+  *bytes* or *bytes_le* argument is not a :class:`bytes` object.
+  Previously, some invalid inputs raised :exc:`AssertionError` or
+  :exc:`ValueError`.
+  (Contributed by Yury Selivanov in :gh:`139123`.)
+
 * :mod:`xml.dom.minidom` now raises :exc:`~xml.dom.InvalidCharacterErr`
   for a name which is not a valid XML name,
   :exc:`~xml.dom.WrongDocumentErr`

Include/internal/pycore_global_strings.h

@@ -349,6 +349,7 @@ struct _Py_global_strings {
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(byte_size)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(byteorder)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(bytes)
+        STRUCT_FOR_ID(bytes_le)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(bytes_per_sep)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(c_call)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(c_exception)
@@ -543,6 +544,7 @@ struct _Py_global_strings {
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(hash_name)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(header)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(headers)
+        STRUCT_FOR_ID(hex)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(hi)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(hook)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(host)
@@ -576,13 +578,15 @@ struct _Py_global_strings {
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(insert_comments)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(insert_pis)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(instructions)
+        STRUCT_FOR_ID(int)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(intern)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(intersection)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(interval)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(io)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(is_compress)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(is_raw)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(is_running)
+        STRUCT_FOR_ID(is_safe)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(is_struct)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(isatty)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(isinstance)
@@ -756,6 +760,7 @@ struct _Py_global_strings {
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(query)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(queuetype)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(quotetabs)
+        STRUCT_FOR_ID(random_func)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(raw)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(read)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(read1)
@@ -870,6 +875,7 @@ struct _Py_global_strings {
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(threading)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(throw)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(time)
+        STRUCT_FOR_ID(time_func)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(timeout)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(timer)
         STRUCT_FOR_ID(times)

Include/internal/pycore_pylifecycle.h

@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ extern const char* _Py_gitversion(void);
 // Export for '_asyncio' shared extension
 PyAPI_FUNC(int) _Py_IsInterpreterFinalizing(PyInterpreterState *interp);
 
-/* Random */
-extern int _PyOS_URandom(void *buffer, Py_ssize_t size);
+// Export for '_uuid' shared extension
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyOS_URandom(void *buffer, Py_ssize_t size);
 
 // Export for '_random' shared extension
 PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyOS_URandomNonblock(void *buffer, Py_ssize_t size);