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Write the full error budget per candidate to the transient-chain catalog - #138
Base: main (the library additions it calls, #114 to #119 and #110, and the chain PRs #120 to #123 are merged).
Summary
New worker step 8c (transient_chain/uq.py, stage uq in the timings), on the device after the xFit step: for center_x, center_y, positive_x, positive_y and psf_flux the catalog gains <q>_err_corr, <q>_err_kfit, <q>_err_kmatch and <q>_err_mis, and <q>_err becomes their quadrature with <q>_err_fit. <q>_err_fit and every column from #121 are written exactly as before.
The terms that depend on the reference's noise are computed for a weighted sum of residual pixels that stands in for xFit's estimator: the PSF-weighted sum at the photometry position for the flux (the forced-photometry estimator), the PSF-derivative-weighted sum at a lobe divided by the lobe flux for the lobe's position, and the mean of the two lobes' shifts for the center, built as one weight stamp over both lobes so the covariance between them is kept. Every stamp is centered on the sub-pixel position it measures (cuphoton.xpois.psf_weights(offset=...)); the library cuts the variance planes itself around the positions (window_stamps), so the budget passes planes and positions.
corr: <q>_err_fit * sqrt(f - 1), f from cuphoton.xpois.correlation_factor with the estimator's weights on a window of 2 ceil(5 psf_sigma) + 1 px, the resampling weights from cuphoton.xrep.resampling_weights_at at the positions (the ReprojectionSpec form once the providers expose it), the factor floored at 1. The chain's template providers carry no variance plane in this PR, so here the term is 0 and summary.json records it under uq.excluded ("no reference variance plane"); the code path is complete and tested with a reference variance plane and a translation mapping. The template-variance PR below turns it on. Positions where the mapping is not locally a translation take the library's NaN factor, counted in uq.rotated_grid. The factor is not evaluated when the term is excluded.
kfit: kernel_fit_covariance once per item (sandwich form when a reference variance plane is given, else plain) and kernel_fit_variance per candidate with the estimator's weights, so a position's term is in pixels squared and a flux's in image units squared; 0 where the lobe flux is not usable or the stamp's kernel footprint leaves the image.
kmatch: flux only, eta times the kernel-matched reference flux at the photometry position, eta measured at the stars the refine stage kept (the chi-square(1) median rule on the residual's forced fluxes over their predicted variance, kernel-fit term included). Positions get 0; the position term is a later draft PR.
mis: Misalignment.variance(x, y) times 1/4 for the center and times lambda^2 for the positive lobe, lambda = (D + T) / D for candidates with one supported lobe, re-measured over three passes at the lobe plus (lambda - 1) times the modeled offset, capped at 10 and counted in the summary; 1 otherwise.
Validity is per quantity: <q>_err is NaN where the quantity's window (both lobes' windows for a center) holds a masked pixel or its correlation factor is undefined; the term columns keep their values (<q>_err_corr is NaN with the factor), and uq_valid is true where every quantity of the row is valid.
sky_err_arcsec and sky_err_source from the new uq: block (enabled, kernel_fit, sky_astrometry_arcsec, sky_astrometry_source, the last two set together, the source a non-empty string, and max_lobe_reach_px, default 32), never added to the pixel-frame columns. A row whose lobe sits farther than max_lobe_reach_px from the center pixel gets NaN center_*_err and uq_valid false, counted as center_reach_exceeded in summary.json, so one diverged fit cannot inflate the center stamp. uq.enabled: false writes <q>_err = <q>_err_fit and zero terms; uq.kernel_fit: false skips the per-item covariance.
Fallbacks are explicit: a term the item cannot compute (no misalignment model, kernel fit disabled, no PSF width, no target variance plane, fewer than five stars) is written as 0, and summary.json carries uq_terms (the terms in the bars) and uq (the reasons for excluded terms, the kernel-fit form, the kernel-mismatch fit, the window sizes, the counts of rows with an invalid window, an undefined factor and a capped sensitivity). Step 8c is one call, uq.error_budget, array-namespace code so NumPy and CuPy share the path; per item the device arrays cross to the host for the positions the misalignment model needs, the validity flags, and the stacked columns at the terminal transfer, plus kept-star fluxes and variances when the kernel-mismatch solve runs; the model's outputs go back in one upload, and the control_bytes the step moves are counted only when it runs. README: catalog table rows for the new columns and a "How the error bar is built" section, one entry per term, the validity rule and the single-source caveat for lambda^2; config.yaml documents the block.
API changes after review
ops.patches and ops.chi2_median_scale (were _patches, _chi2_median_scale): used across modules, so no longer private; callers in ops.py updated.
ops.MatchedStars.star_xy: the kept stars' target positions (the model's used set when fitted), which the kernel-mismatch solve reads.
uq.BudgetResult holds the columns as one (n_columns, N) array (values, names) plus the host valid flags; columns gives per-column views, host_columns() the host dict in one transfer; control_bytes the host bytes the budget moved.
uq.error_budget(u_cfg, ...) is step 8c as a function; uq.sensitivity takes positions (N, 2) and the modeled offsets.
uq.QUANTITIES and uq.TERMS are catalog.BUDGET_QUANTITIES and the keys of catalog.BUDGET_TERMS.
The reviewer's commits correct the uncertainty propagation (the kernel-fit term is excluded without a target variance plane, the correlation factor is taken relative to the target variance xFit used, and a lobe or flux position outside the image invalidates its own quantity), bound the center stamp allocation at the budget layer (max_lobe_reach_px), reject overflowing astrometric uncertainty settings, and count the kernel-mismatch host download in transfers.control_bytes.
Validation
GPU (one workstation GPU, CUDA 13.2 runtime, CuPy 14.1.1): example tests 67 passed with CuPy importable; psf_weights(xp=cupy) and window_stamps smoke on device arrays pass. Step 8c on a detector image is not yet timed. The reviewer's restack passed 110 example tests at this stage.
examples/transient-chain/tests: 67 passed (60 on the base branch). ruff check and ruff format --check clean on src, tests and examples.
Schema test: the new columns exist with their dtypes, psf_flux_err_* NaN without forced photometry, the earlier columns keep their order and the budget columns follow them.
Budget on a NumPy stand-in item (tests/test_uq.py: a reference with 24 stars, a Gaussian kernel, four planted transients with resolved-dipole geometry, white noise, a masked block): <q>_err >= <q>_err_fit on every valid row and <q>_err^2 equals the sum of the squared term columns to 1e-12; a worked case with only the misalignment term, center_x_err = sqrt(0.05^2 + 0.25 * 0.01) and positive_y_err = sqrt(0.05^2 + 0.0225); with a known one-coefficient kernel covariance the psf_flux, positive_x and center_x kernel-fit terms equal the hand-computed c (sum w (R * K))^2 with the estimator's weights (the center's from both lobes); a lobe centered on a reference star has no kernel-fit position term while a lobe 1 px off it does (sub-pixel weights); psf_flux_err_kmatch equals eta * T by hand; eta recovered within 30% from stars whose residual fluxes scatter by 3% of their reference flux and below 0.01 without mismatch; lambda of a single source on a static reference star equals 1 + T / D within 5% and the cap holds at 10; a candidate whose flux and negative-lobe windows touch the masked block has NaN psf_flux_err and center_*_err, finite positive_*_err and uq_valid false, with every term on and with none; correlation_factor is not called when the term is excluded; a reference variance plane with a half-pixel translation mapping turns the correlation term on (sandwich kernel-fit form) and a 10 degree rotation leaves every factor undefined; the forced flux recovers the planted fluxes within 5%; uq.error_budget runs step 8c on NumPy with uq.enabled true and false (column set, summary entry, control_bytes).
Config: the block's defaults, the pair rule for the sky term, negative, non-boolean and empty-string values rejected.
Repository hygiene
No credentials, private paths, local datasets, notebook outputs, or generated run artifacts were added.
Large binary artifacts are excluded or intentionally tracked through an approved storage plan.
Security-sensitive information is not included.
User-visible behavior changes are documented.
New dependencies and their licenses are documented. (None added.)
Merge each line bottom up. The sky term from a reference catalog and the kernel-mismatch position step follow as drafts under a separate scientific review.
Review and provenance
This change was reviewed on NVIDIA's internal mirror of this repository by Trent Nelson, with AI-assisted review tooling; his fixes are the commits he authored in this PR. Commits keep their original authors and dates and were replayed onto this repository's main branch.
Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 4b4f40b and 524ac79.
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examples/transient-chain/README.md
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examples/transient-chain/README.md
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Walkthrough
The transient-chain example adds a configurable uncertainty-budget stage for candidate positions and optional PSF flux. It records budget terms, validity, sky-astrometry metadata, and diagnostics in the catalog and item summary.
Changes: Transient-chain uncertainty budget
Layer / File(s)
Summary
Configuration and catalog contracts examples/transient-chain/config.yaml, examples/transient-chain/transient_chain/config.py, examples/transient-chain/transient_chain/catalog.py, examples/transient-chain/tests/test_config.py, examples/transient-chain/tests/test_catalog_and_compare.py, examples/transient-chain/README.md
Adds and validates the uq options, defines budget and sky-astrometry catalog columns, and documents the configuration and output schema.
Uncertainty context and matched-star inputs examples/transient-chain/transient_chain/ops.py, examples/transient-chain/transient_chain/uq.py, examples/transient-chain/transient_chain/worker.py, examples/transient-chain/tests/test_ops.py, examples/transient-chain/tests/test_uq.py
Prepares uncertainty context inputs and retains matched-star coordinates for calculations. Renames two ops functions and updates their callers.
Calculates correlation, kernel-fit, kernel-mismatch, and misalignment terms; combines them with fit errors; and tracks validity and diagnostics. Tests cover the terms, invalid windows, and disabled-budget behavior.
Worker integration and outputs examples/transient-chain/transient_chain/worker.py, examples/transient-chain/tests/test_uq.py, examples/transient-chain/README.md
Adds a timed worker stage that writes budget columns and records diagnostics. Handles items without candidates and documents the stage timing and outputs.
Priority: Normal
Merge Risk: Minimal · previous review 524ac
The documented kernel-fit behavior matches the implementation. No issue identified here prevents merging after normal checks.
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Review comments at @examples/transient-chain/transient_chain/uq.py:
- Line 438: Update kernel_mismatch to account for the host download of the kept
d, t, and base arrays and the upload of misalignment_field, then include that
transfer count exactly once in budget’s control_bytes total. Update the module
docstring and test_error_budget_runs_step_8c expectation to reflect the added
traffic, and keep the accounting metadata out of serialized diagnostics unless
it is intended to be part of the output.
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Normalize corrections to the fitted target variance, preserve the
photometry position, and reject invalid measurements and noise scales.
Signed-off-by: Trent Nelson <trentn@nvidia.com>
Carry the existing lobe-reach cap into the first uncertainty-budget
layer so a diverged fit cannot enlarge every candidate stamp.
Co-authored-by: Carmelo Gonzales <carmelog@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Trent Nelson <trentn@nvidia.com>
Include kept-star flux and variance downloads in the per-item control
payload total. Keep transfer accounting separate from scientific
diagnostics and describe the additional host payload.
Signed-off-by: Trent Nelson <trentn@nvidia.com>
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Base:
main(the library additions it calls, #114 to #119 and #110, and the chain PRs #120 to #123 are merged).Summary
New worker step 8c (
transient_chain/uq.py, stageuqin the timings), on the device after the xFit step: forcenter_x,center_y,positive_x,positive_yandpsf_fluxthe catalog gains<q>_err_corr,<q>_err_kfit,<q>_err_kmatchand<q>_err_mis, and<q>_errbecomes their quadrature with<q>_err_fit.<q>_err_fitand every column from #121 are written exactly as before.The terms that depend on the reference's noise are computed for a weighted sum of residual pixels that stands in for xFit's estimator: the PSF-weighted sum at the photometry position for the flux (the forced-photometry estimator), the PSF-derivative-weighted sum at a lobe divided by the lobe flux for the lobe's position, and the mean of the two lobes' shifts for the center, built as one weight stamp over both lobes so the covariance between them is kept. Every stamp is centered on the sub-pixel position it measures (
cuphoton.xpois.psf_weights(offset=...)); the library cuts the variance planes itself around the positions (window_stamps), so the budget passes planes and positions.corr:<q>_err_fit * sqrt(f - 1),ffromcuphoton.xpois.correlation_factorwith the estimator's weights on a window of2 ceil(5 psf_sigma) + 1px, the resampling weights fromcuphoton.xrep.resampling_weights_atat the positions (theReprojectionSpecform once the providers expose it), the factor floored at 1. The chain's template providers carry no variance plane in this PR, so here the term is 0 andsummary.jsonrecords it underuq.excluded("no reference variance plane"); the code path is complete and tested with a reference variance plane and a translation mapping. The template-variance PR below turns it on. Positions where the mapping is not locally a translation take the library's NaN factor, counted inuq.rotated_grid. The factor is not evaluated when the term is excluded.kfit:kernel_fit_covarianceonce per item (sandwich form when a reference variance plane is given, else plain) andkernel_fit_varianceper candidate with the estimator's weights, so a position's term is in pixels squared and a flux's in image units squared; 0 where the lobe flux is not usable or the stamp's kernel footprint leaves the image.kmatch: flux only,etatimes the kernel-matched reference flux at the photometry position,etameasured at the stars the refine stage kept (the chi-square(1) median rule on the residual's forced fluxes over their predicted variance, kernel-fit term included). Positions get 0; the position term is a later draft PR.mis:Misalignment.variance(x, y)times 1/4 for the center and timeslambda^2for the positive lobe,lambda = (D + T) / Dfor candidates with one supported lobe, re-measured over three passes at the lobe plus(lambda - 1)times the modeled offset, capped at 10 and counted in the summary; 1 otherwise.<q>_erris NaN where the quantity's window (both lobes' windows for a center) holds a masked pixel or its correlation factor is undefined; the term columns keep their values (<q>_err_corris NaN with the factor), anduq_validis true where every quantity of the row is valid.sky_err_arcsecandsky_err_sourcefrom the newuq:block (enabled,kernel_fit,sky_astrometry_arcsec,sky_astrometry_source, the last two set together, the source a non-empty string, andmax_lobe_reach_px, default 32), never added to the pixel-frame columns. A row whose lobe sits farther thanmax_lobe_reach_pxfrom the center pixel gets NaNcenter_*_erranduq_validfalse, counted ascenter_reach_exceededinsummary.json, so one diverged fit cannot inflate the center stamp.uq.enabled: falsewrites<q>_err = <q>_err_fitand zero terms;uq.kernel_fit: falseskips the per-item covariance.Fallbacks are explicit: a term the item cannot compute (no misalignment model, kernel fit disabled, no PSF width, no target variance plane, fewer than five stars) is written as 0, and
summary.jsoncarriesuq_terms(the terms in the bars) anduq(the reasons for excluded terms, the kernel-fit form, the kernel-mismatch fit, the window sizes, the counts of rows with an invalid window, an undefined factor and a capped sensitivity). Step 8c is one call,uq.error_budget, array-namespace code so NumPy and CuPy share the path; per item the device arrays cross to the host for the positions the misalignment model needs, the validity flags, and the stacked columns at the terminal transfer, plus kept-star fluxes and variances when the kernel-mismatch solve runs; the model's outputs go back in one upload, and thecontrol_bytesthe step moves are counted only when it runs. README: catalog table rows for the new columns and a "How the error bar is built" section, one entry per term, the validity rule and the single-source caveat forlambda^2;config.yamldocuments the block.API changes after review
ops.patchesandops.chi2_median_scale(were_patches,_chi2_median_scale): used across modules, so no longer private; callers inops.pyupdated.ops.MatchedStars.star_xy: the kept stars' target positions (the model's used set when fitted), which the kernel-mismatch solve reads.uq.BudgetResultholds the columns as one(n_columns, N)array (values,names) plus the hostvalidflags;columnsgives per-column views,host_columns()the host dict in one transfer;control_bytesthe host bytes the budget moved.uq.error_budget(u_cfg, ...)is step 8c as a function;uq.sensitivitytakes positions(N, 2)and the modeled offsets.uq.QUANTITIESanduq.TERMSarecatalog.BUDGET_QUANTITIESand the keys ofcatalog.BUDGET_TERMS.max_lobe_reach_px), reject overflowing astrometric uncertainty settings, and count the kernel-mismatch host download intransfers.control_bytes.Validation
psf_weights(xp=cupy)andwindow_stampssmoke on device arrays pass. Step 8c on a detector image is not yet timed. The reviewer's restack passed 110 example tests at this stage.examples/transient-chain/tests: 67 passed (60 on the base branch).ruff checkandruff format --checkclean onsrc,testsandexamples.psf_flux_err_*NaN without forced photometry, the earlier columns keep their order and the budget columns follow them.tests/test_uq.py: a reference with 24 stars, a Gaussian kernel, four planted transients with resolved-dipole geometry, white noise, a masked block):<q>_err >= <q>_err_fiton every valid row and<q>_err^2equals the sum of the squared term columns to 1e-12; a worked case with only the misalignment term,center_x_err = sqrt(0.05^2 + 0.25 * 0.01)andpositive_y_err = sqrt(0.05^2 + 0.0225); with a known one-coefficient kernel covariance thepsf_flux,positive_xandcenter_xkernel-fit terms equal the hand-computedc (sum w (R * K))^2with the estimator's weights (the center's from both lobes); a lobe centered on a reference star has no kernel-fit position term while a lobe 1 px off it does (sub-pixel weights);psf_flux_err_kmatchequalseta * Tby hand;etarecovered within 30% from stars whose residual fluxes scatter by 3% of their reference flux and below 0.01 without mismatch;lambdaof a single source on a static reference star equals1 + T / Dwithin 5% and the cap holds at 10; a candidate whose flux and negative-lobe windows touch the masked block has NaNpsf_flux_errandcenter_*_err, finitepositive_*_erranduq_validfalse, with every term on and with none;correlation_factoris not called when the term is excluded; a reference variance plane with a half-pixel translation mapping turns the correlation term on (sandwich kernel-fit form) and a 10 degree rotation leaves every factor undefined; the forced flux recovers the planted fluxes within 5%;uq.error_budgetruns step 8c on NumPy withuq.enabledtrue and false (column set, summary entry,control_bytes).Repository hygiene
Stack
mainmainMerge each line bottom up. The sky term from a reference catalog and the kernel-mismatch position step follow as drafts under a separate scientific review.
Review and provenance
This change was reviewed on NVIDIA's internal mirror of this repository by Trent Nelson, with AI-assisted review tooling; his fixes are the commits he authored in this PR. Commits keep their original authors and dates and were replayed onto this repository's main branch.